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Young Men's and Young Women's Hebrew Associations

(Encyclopedia) Young Men's and Young Women's Hebrew Associations (YMHA, YWHA), organizations that promote health, social activities, recreation, acculturation of new Jewish Americans, and Jewish…

Zionism

(Encyclopedia) Zionism, modern political movement for reconstituting a Jewish national state in Palestine. After World War II the Zionist movement intensified its activities. The sufferings of the…

Haskalah

(Encyclopedia) HaskalahHaskalahhäˌskəläˈ [key], [Heb.,=enlightenment] Jewish movement in Europe active from the 1770s to the 1880s. Beginning in Germany in the circle of the German Jewish philosopher…

Wise, Stephen Samuel

(Encyclopedia) Wise, Stephen Samuel, 1874–1949, American Reform rabbi and Zionist leader, b. Budapest, grad. College of the City of New York, 1891, Ph.D. Columbia, 1901. He served as a rabbi in New…

Jewish Holidays, 2010-2030 (A.M. 5770-5791)

Here are the dates of the most important Jewish holidays through 2030. These holidays move in the Western (Gregorian) calendar year since the Jewish calendar is a lunisolar calendar, instead of just…

Justus of Tiberia

(Encyclopedia) Justus of Tiberia, fl. 1st cent. a.d., Jewish historian. Friendly to Rome, he opposed the Jewish war against the Romans and fled to Beirut where he became the private secretary of…

Saadia ben Joseph al-Fayumi

(Encyclopedia) Saadia ben Joseph al-FayumiSaadia ben Joseph al-Fayumisäˈdēä, äl-fīy&oomacr;ˈmē [key], 882–942, Jewish scholar, b. Egypt. He was known as Saadia Gaon. He was the head of the great…

Scholem, Gershom Gerhard

(Encyclopedia) Scholem, Gershom GerhardScholem, Gershom Gerhardgĕrˈshôm gĕrˈhärt shōˈləm [key], 1897–1982, Jewish scholar, b. Berlin. He studied at the universities of Berlin, Jena, Bern, and Munich…

Maccabees, Jewish family

(Encyclopedia) Maccabees or MachabeesMachabeesboth: măkˈəbēz [key], Jewish family of the 2d and 1st cent. b.c. that brought about a restoration of Jewish political and religious life. They are also…

Hillel, Jewish scholar

(Encyclopedia) Hillel, fl. c.30 b.c.–a.d. 10, Jewish scholar, regarded as the forebear of the later patriarchs who led the Jews of Palestine until c.a.d. 400. The Jerusalem Talmud calls him the…