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2000 FIFA Club World Championship

Inaugural professional club championships organized by FIFA, not to be confused with the Toyota/Intercontinental Cup which is played annually between the winners of the Liberatadores and…

World Cup Shootouts

Introduced in 1982; winning sides in bold type. Year Round Final SO1982 Semi W. Germany vs. France 3-3 (5-4)1986 Quarter Belgium vs. Spain 1-1 (5-4) Quarter France vs. Brazil 1-1 (4-3)…

Native American languages

(Encyclopedia) Native American languages, languages of the native peoples of the Western Hemisphere and their descendants. A number of the Native American languages that were spoken at the time of…

asbestos, mineral

(Encyclopedia) asbestos, common name for any of a variety of silicate minerals within the amphibole and serpentine groups that are fibrous in structure and more or less resistant to acid and fire.…

Mitre, Bartolomé

(Encyclopedia) Mitre, BartoloméMitre, Bartolomébärˌtōlōmāˈ mēˈtrā [key], 1821–1906, Argentine statesman, general, and author, president of the republic (1862–68). An opponent of Juan Manuel de Rosas…

Wallace, Alfred Russel

(Encyclopedia) Wallace, Alfred Russel, 1823–1913, English naturalist. From his study of comparative biology in Brazil and in the East Indies, he evolved a concept of evolution similar to that of…

Urquiza, Justo José de

(Encyclopedia) Urquiza, Justo José deUrquiza, Justo José deh&oomacr;ˈstō hōsāˈ ᵺā &oomacr;rkēˈsä [key], 1801–70, Argentine general and politician, president of the confederation (1854–60). As…

postage stamp

(Encyclopedia) postage stamp, government stamp affixed to mail to indicate payment of postage. The term includes stamps printed or embossed on postcards and envelopes as well as the adhesive labels.…

Ponzi, Charles

(Encyclopedia) Ponzi, Charles or Carlo, 1882–1949), Italian-American swindler. He came to the United States from his native Italy in 1903, then went in 1907 to Canada, where he was convicted of check…

Panama Papers

(Encyclopedia) Panama Papers, popular name for the some 11.5 million internal documents belonging to the Panamanian-based law firm Mossack Fonseca that revealed information about secret offshore…