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Kakutani, Shizuo

(Encyclopedia) Kakutani, Shizuo, 1911–2004, Japanese mathematician, b. Osaka, Japan, grad. Tohoko Univ, Ph.D. Princeton, 1941. Kakutani repatriated to Japan during World War II, but returned to…

Kraepelin, Emil

(Encyclopedia) Kraepelin, EmilKraepelin, Emilkrĕpəlēnˈ [key], 1856–1926, German psychiatrist, educated at Würzburg (M.D., 1878). He also studied under Wilhelm Wundt in Leipzig, and was appointed…

Hansen, Lars Peter

(Encyclopedia) Hansen, Lars Peter, 1952–, U.S. economist, b. Champaign, Ill., Ph.D. Univ. of Minnesota, 1978. After teaching at Carnegie-Mellon Univ., Pittsburgh (1978–81), he joined the faculty of…

Galton, Sir Francis

(Encyclopedia) Galton, Sir FrancisGalton, Sir Francisgôlˈtən [key], 1822–1911, English scientist, founder of eugenics; cousin of Charles Darwin. He turned from exploration and meteorology (where he…

Durkheim, Émile

(Encyclopedia) Durkheim, ÉmileDurkheim, Émiledûrkˈhīm, Fr. āmēlˈ dürkĕmˈ [key], 1858–1917, French sociologist. Along with Max Weber he is considered one of the chief founders of modern sociology.…

Schoolcraft, Henry Rowe

(Encyclopedia) Schoolcraft, Henry Rowe, 1793–1864, American ethnologist, b. near Albany, N.Y. He gave enormous impetus to the study of Native American culture and may be regarded as the foremost…

social science

(Encyclopedia) social science, term for any or all of the branches of study that deal with humans in their social relations. Often these studies are referred to in the plural as the social sciences.…

combinatorics

(Encyclopedia) combinatoricscombinatoricskŏmˌbənətôrˈĭks [key] or combinatorial analysiscombinatoricskŏmˌbĭnətôrˈēəl [key], sometimes called the science of counting, the branch of mathematics…

Weber, Max, German sociologist

(Encyclopedia) Weber, MaxWeber, Maxmäks [key]Weber, Max vāˈbər [key], 1864–1920, German sociologist, economist, and political scientist. At various times he taught at Berlin, Freiburg, Munich, and…

celestial mechanics

(Encyclopedia) celestial mechanics, the study of the motions of astronomical bodies as they move under the influence of their mutual gravitation. Celestial mechanics analyzes the orbital motions of…