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lien

(Encyclopedia) lien, claim or charge held by one party, on property owned by a second party, as security for payment of some debt, obligation, or duty owed by that second party. A lien may arise by…

Gogarten, Friedrich

(Encyclopedia) Gogarten, Friedrich, 1887–1968, German theologian. He was professor of theology at the Univ. of Jena from 1927 until 1933, when he began to teach at the Univ. of Göttingen. He adopted…

norm

(Encyclopedia) norm, authoritative rule or standard by which something is judged and on that basis approved or disapproved. Examples of norms include standards of right and wrong, beauty and ugliness…

Ehrenfest, Paul

(Encyclopedia) Ehrenfest, PaulEhrenfest, Paulpoul āˈrənfĕst [key], 1880–1933, Austrian physicist. In 1904, Ehrenfest received his doctorate in theoretical physics in Vienna and married the Russian…

Bourdelle, Émile Antoine

(Encyclopedia) Bourdelle, Émile AntoineBourdelle, Émile Antoineāmēlˈ äNtwänˈ b&oomacr;rdĕlˈ [key], 1861–1929, French sculptor; son of a cabinetmaker of Montauban. He went to Paris in 1884, where…

Grotowski, Jerzy

(Encyclopedia) Grotowski, JerzyGrotowski, Jerzyyĕˈzhĭ grôtôfˈskē [key], 1933–99, Polish stage director and theatrical theorist. Grotowski was founder and director of the small but influential Polish…

O'Faoláin, Seán

(Encyclopedia) O'Faoláin, SeánO'Faoláin, Seánshôn ōfălˈən [key], 1900–1991, Irish writer. The relation of the individual to society was often the theme of his novels and stories. He frequently wrote…

Traherne, Thomas

(Encyclopedia) Traherne, ThomasTraherne, Thomastrəhûrnˈ [key], 1636?–1674, English poet and prose writer, one of the metaphysical poets. He was schooled at Brasenose College, Oxford, and was chaplain…