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De Long, George Washington

(Encyclopedia) De Long, George WashingtonDe Long, George Washingtondə lôngˈ [key], 1844–81, American arctic explorer, b. New York City, grad. Annapolis, 1865. In 1873 he was assigned to the Juniata,…

Nansen, Fridtjof

(Encyclopedia) Nansen, FridtjofNansen, Fridtjoffrĭtˈyôf nänˈsən [key], 1861–1930, Norwegian arctic explorer, scientist, statesman, and humanitarian. The diversity of Nansen's interests is shown in…

Ny-Ålesund

(Encyclopedia) Ny-ÅlesundNy-Ålesundnüˌ-ôˈləs&oobreve;n [key] [New Alesund], town, on Kongsfjorden, NW Spitsbergen island, Svalbard, Norway. Established as a coal-mining settlement, it is now a…

Van Allsburg, Chris

(Encyclopedia) Van Allsburg, Chris, 1949–, American writer and illustrator of children's books, b. East Grand Rapids, Mich., B.F.A. Univ. of Michigan, 1972, M.F.A. Rhode Island School of Design, 1975…

airglow

(Encyclopedia) airglow, faint diffuse illumination of the sky originating in the upper atmosphere. Although it occurs at all times of day throughout the upper atmosphere, it is most typically visible…

Scott, Robert Falcon

(Encyclopedia) Scott, Robert Falcon, 1868–1912, British naval officer and antarctic explorer. He commanded two noted expeditions to Antarctica. The first expedition (1901–4), in the Discovery,…

Krasner, Lee

(Encyclopedia) Krasner, LeeKrasner, Leekrăsˈnər, krăzˈ– [key], 1911–84, American artist, b. Brooklyn. She studied with Hans Hofmann and became a leading figure in abstract expressionism along with…

Southern Ocean

(Encyclopedia) Southern Ocean or Antarctic Ocean, name sometimes given to those parts of the Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian oceans that surround Antarctica S of roughly 60°S. These waters are marked…

Andrée, Salomon August

(Encyclopedia) Andrée, Salomon AugustAndrée, Salomon Augustsäˈl&oomacr;môn ouˈgəst ändrāˈ [key], 1854–97, Swedish polar explorer, grad. Royal Inst. of Technology, Stockholm. An aeronautical…

Tasman, Abel Janszoon

(Encyclopedia) Tasman, Abel JanszoonTasman, Abel Janszoonäˈbəl yänˈsōn täˈsmän [key], 1603?–1659, Dutch navigator. In the service of the Dutch East India Company from c.1632 to 1653, he made several…