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Smith Act

(Encyclopedia) Smith Act, 1940, passed by the U.S. Congress as the Alien Registration Act of 1940. The act, which made it an offense to advocate or belong to a group that advocated the violent…

Fish, Stuyvesant

(Encyclopedia) Fish, StuyvesantFish, Stuyvesantstīˈvəsənt [key], 1851–1923, American railroad executive, b. New York City; son of Hamilton Fish (1808–93). He became (1877) a director of the Illinois…

Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries

(Encyclopedia) Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), multinational organization (est. 1960, formally constituted 1961) that coordinates petroleum policies and economic aid among oil-…

informed consent

(Encyclopedia) informed consent, in medicine, a patient's written consent to a surgical or medical procedure or other course of treatment, given after the physician has told the patient all of the…

Char, René

(Encyclopedia) Char, RenéChar, Renérənāˈ chärˈ [key], 1907–88, French poet. His writing reflects both his Provençal origins and his years of active participation in the French resistance. At first…

Leticia

(Encyclopedia) LeticiaLeticialātēˈsēä [key], town (1993 pop. 17,758), capital of Amazonas commissary, SE Colombia, on the upper Amazon. The Leticia region, a narrow strip of land extending S of the…

Reed, James Alexander

(Encyclopedia) Reed, James Alexander, 1861–1944, American political leader, b. near Mansfield, Ohio. He moved to Iowa and was admitted (1885) to the bar, practicing there and later in Missouri. He…

Burton, Harold Hitz

(Encyclopedia) Burton, Harold Hitz, 1888–1964, associate justice of the U.S. Supreme Court (1945–58), b. Jamaica Plain (now part of Boston), Mass. Admitted to the bar in 1912, he built a prosperous…

Tommaseo, Niccolò

(Encyclopedia) Tommaseo, NiccolòTommaseo, Niccolònēk-kōlôˈ tōm-mäzāˈō [key], 1802–74, Italian poet and critic, b. Sibenik, Dalmatia. In addition to poetry, novels, and literary criticism, he wrote…