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Adalbert

(Encyclopedia) Adalbert, 1043–72, German churchman, archbishop of Hamburg-Bremen, a diocese that included Scandinavia. He was a favorite of Holy Roman Emperor Henry III, who appointed Adalbert to the…

Protopopov, Aleksandr Dmitreyevich

(Encyclopedia) Protopopov, Aleksandr DmitreyevichProtopopov, Aleksandr Dmitreyevichəlyĭksänˈdər dəmēˈtrēyəvĭch prətəpôˈpəf [key], 1866–1918, Russian public official. Long active in zemstvo affairs,…

lettre de cachet

(Encyclopedia) lettre de cachetlettre de cachetlĕˈtrə də käshāˈ [key], formerly in French law, private, sealed document, issued as a communication from the king. Such a letter could order…

Kassem, Abdul Karim

(Encyclopedia) Kassem, Abdul KarimKassem, Abdul Karimäbd&oobreve;lˈ kärēmˈ kässēmˈ [key], 1914–63, Iraqi general and politician. A graduate (1934) of the Iraqi military academy, he attended the…

Maximilian, prince of Baden

(Encyclopedia) Maximilian, prince of Baden (Max of Baden), 1867–1929, German statesman, last chancellor of imperial Germany. A liberal, he was made imperial chancellor at the end of World War I as…

Constantine II, king of Greece

(Encyclopedia) Constantine II, 1940–2023, king of the Hellenes; also known as Constantine XIII. He was appointed regent in 1964 and succeeded to the…

Gideon

(Encyclopedia) GideonGideongĭdˈēən [key], or JerubbaalGideonjērŭbˈāəl, –rəbāˈəl [key], in the Bible, a 12th-century Israelite warrior of the tribe of Mannasseh, and one of the greater judges of…

Gioberti, Vincenzo

(Encyclopedia) Gioberti, VincenzoGioberti, Vincenzovēnchānˈtsō jōbĕrˈtē [key], 1801–52, Italian philosopher and political writer, b. Turin. Ordained (1825) a priest, he went into exile (1833–48) in…

Cambacérès, Jean Jacques Régis de

(Encyclopedia) Cambacérès, Jean Jacques Régis deCambacérès, Jean Jacques Régis dezhäN zhäk rāzhēsˈ də käNbäsārĕsˈ [key], 1753–1824, French revolutionary and legislator. He was deputy to the National…

Carnot, Hippolyte

(Encyclopedia) Carnot, HippolyteCarnot, Hippolyteēpôlētˈ kärnōˈ [key], 1801–88, French statesman; son of Lazare Carnot. He shared his father's exile after 1815 and returned to France in 1823. A…