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fertilization

(Encyclopedia) CE5 Fertilization of an egg cell fertilization, in biology, process in the reproduction of both plants and animals, involving the union of two unlike sex cells (gametes), the sperm…

ectoderm

(Encyclopedia) ectoderm, layer of cells that covers the surface of an animal embryo after the process of gastrulation has occurred. This outer layer, together with the endoderm, or inner layer, is…

stem cells

(Encyclopedia) stem cells, unspecialized human or animal cells that can produce mature specialized body cells and at the same time replicate themselves. Embryonic stem cells are derived from a…

recapitulation

(Encyclopedia) recapitulation, theory, stated as the biogenetic law by E. H. Haeckel, that the embryological development of the individual repeats the stages in the evolutionary development of the…

coelom

(Encyclopedia) coelomcoelomsēˈləm [key], fluid-filled body cavity, found in animals, which is lined by cells derived from mesoderm tissue in the embryo, and which provides for free, lubricated motion…

Hoffmann, Jules Alphonse

(Encyclopedia) Hoffmann, Jules Alphonse, 1941–, French biologist, Ph.D. Univ. of Strasbourg, 1969. Hoffmann was a researcher at the French National Center for Scientific Research, Strasbourg, from…

cotyledon

(Encyclopedia) cotyledoncotyledonkŏtˌəlēdˈən [key], in botany, a leaf of the embryo of a seed. The embryos of flowering plants, or angiosperms, usually have either one cotyledon (the monocots) or two…

Cloning Milestones

Scientists hope that the advances in the cloning process can bring back animals that are nearly extinct Cloned bull named Got AP Photo/I.Lopez 1938Cloning…

notochord

(Encyclopedia) notochordnotochordnōˈtəkôrdˌ [key], in biology, supporting rod running most of the length of animals of the phylum Chordata and present at varying times in the life cycle. Composed of…