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Æthelbert, king of Kent

(Encyclopedia) ÆthelbertÆthelbertĕˈthəlbərt, ă– [key], d. 616, king of Kent (560?–616). Although defeated by the West Saxons in 568, he became the strongest ruler in England S of the Humber River.…

charter

(Encyclopedia) charter, document granting certain rights, powers, or functions. It may be issued by the sovereign body of a state to a local governing body, university, or other corporation or by the…

Isabey, Jean Baptiste

(Encyclopedia) Isabey, Jean BaptisteIsabey, Jean BaptistezhäN bätēstˈ ēzäbāˈ [key], 1767–1855, French portrait painter and miniaturist. He was a pupil of J. L. David and was greatly influenced by…

desktop publishing

(Encyclopedia) desktop publishing, system for producing printed materials that consists of a personal computer or computer workstation, a high-resolution printer (usually a laser printer), and a…

Fenton, Roger

(Encyclopedia) Fenton, Roger, 1819–69, English pioneer photographer. Originally a barrister, Fenton worked from the early 1850s until 1862 as a fashionable architectural, still-life, portrait, and…

Fundamental Orders

(Encyclopedia) Fundamental Orders, in U.S. history, the basic law of the Connecticut colony from 1639 to 1662, formally adopted (Jan. 14, 1639) by representatives from the towns of Hartford,…

lettre de cachet

(Encyclopedia) lettre de cachetlettre de cachetlĕˈtrə də käshāˈ [key], formerly in French law, private, sealed document, issued as a communication from the king. Such a letter could order…

Skram, Amalie

(Encyclopedia) Skram, AmalieSkram, Amalieämäˈlēə skräm [key], 1846–1905, Norwegian writer. In Denmark, where she lived most of her life, Skram wrote Constance Ring (1885, tr. 1988), her first major…

United States, Great Seal of the

(Encyclopedia) United States, Great Seal of the, official impression that validates a United States government document. It was adopted by the Continental Congress in 1782 and, with only minor…