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Fell, John

(Encyclopedia) Fell, John, 1625–86, English clergyman. He was dean of Christ Church, Oxford, and bishop of Oxford. While at Oxford, he initiated an extensive building program and promoted the…

fan tan

(Encyclopedia) fan tan, card game for three to eight players using a regular deck. All cards are dealt after each player antes (pays) one chip into a pool. Play rotates to the left and if a player…

infant respiratory distress syndrome

(Encyclopedia) infant respiratory distress syndrome (IRDS) or hyaline membrane diseaseinfant respiratory distress syndromehīˈəlĭn, –līnˌ [key], respiratory distress syndrome of newborns, most common…

pi

(Encyclopedia) pi, in mathematics, the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter. The symbol for pi is π. The ratio is the same for all circles and is approximately 3.1416. It is of…

Lagoon Nebula

(Encyclopedia) Lagoon Nebula, bright, diffuse nebula in the southern constellation Sagittarius; cataloged as M8 or NGC 6526. It is visible to the naked eye and has an angular area larger than that of…

public defender

(Encyclopedia) public defender, governmental official who represents indigent persons accused of crime. U.S. Supreme Court decisions expanding the right to counsel to pretrial proceedings and holding…

spontaneous combustion

(Encyclopedia) spontaneous combustion, phenomenon in which a substance unexpectedly bursts into flame without apparent cause. In ordinary combustion, a substance is deliberately heated to its…

Tarshish

(Encyclopedia) TarshishTarshishtärˈshĭsh [key], in the Bible. 1 Eponym of a country distant from Palestine which cannot be accurately identified; Cyprus, Spain, and Tarsus (S Asia Minor) have been…

endless screw

(Encyclopedia) endless screw, screw fixed so that it cannot move longitudinally as it rotates. Thus, instead of the usual action in which a screw advances itself through a medium as it turns, the…

agnosticism

(Encyclopedia) agnosticismagnosticismăgnŏsˈtĭsĭzəm [key], form of skepticism that holds that the existence of God cannot be logically proved or disproved. Among prominent agnostics have been Auguste…