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Demetrius II, king of ancient Syria

(Encyclopedia) Demetrius II (Demetrius Nicator)Demetrius IIdĭmēˈtrēəs [key]Demetrius IInīkāˈtər [key], d. c.125 b.c., king of ancient Syria, son of Demetrius I. He was aided against the usurper,…

Valentinian I

(Encyclopedia) Valentinian IValentinian Ivălˌəntĭnˈēən [key], 321–75, Roman emperor of the West (364–75). He held high military rank under Julian and Jovian. After the death of Jovian, Valentinian…

Midhat Pasha

(Encyclopedia) Midhat PashaMidhat Pashamĭdhätˈ päshäˈ [key], 1822–83, Turkish politician. As governor of Bulgaria he succeeded within the few years of his tenure (1864–69) in raising the country from…

Diamond, Peter Arthur

(Encyclopedia) Diamond, Peter Arthur, 1940–, American economist, b. New York City, Ph.D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1963. Diamond was a professor at the Univ. of California, Berkeley,…

Monti, Mario

(Encyclopedia) Monti, Mario, 1943–, Italian economist and political leader. After studying at Bocconi Univ., Milan, and at Yale, he taught economics at the Univ. of Turin (1970–85) and then at…

Wayland, Francis

(Encyclopedia) Wayland, Francis, 1796–1865, American clergyman and educator, b. New York City, grad. Union College, 1813, and studied at Andover Theological Seminary. As pastor (1821–26) of the First…

Reichsregiment

(Encyclopedia) ReichsregimentReichsregimentrīkhsˈrāˌgēmĕntˈ [key] [Ger.,=government of the empire], imperial council created by the Diet of Augsburg in 1500. It was intended to form the executive…

Cooley, Thomas McIntyre

(Encyclopedia) Cooley, Thomas McIntyre, 1824–98, American jurist, b. near Attica, N.Y. He was a judge (1864–85) of the supreme court of Michigan and was the first chairman (1887–91) of the Interstate…

Gibbons v. Ogden

(Encyclopedia) Gibbons v. Ogden, case decided in 1824 by the U.S. Supreme Court. Aaron Ogden, the plaintiff, had purchased an interest in the monopoly to operate steamboats that New York state had…

Martineau, Harriet

(Encyclopedia) Martineau, HarrietMartineau, Harrietmärˈtĭnō [key], 1802–76, English author. A journalist rather than a writer of literature, she was an enormously popular author. Her success is the…