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Aldana, Francisco de

(Encyclopedia) Aldana, Francisco deAldana, Francisco defränthēsˈkō ᵺā äldäˈnä [key], 1537–78, Spanish general, diplomat, and poet, b. Alcántara or Naples. He symbolizes the ideal of the Spanish…

Viète, François

(Encyclopedia) Viète or Vieta, FrançoisViète or Vieta, FrançoisfräNswäˈ vyĕt, vyātäˈ, vīēˈtə [key], 1540–1603, French mathematician. As a founder of modern algebra, he introduced the use of letters…

Elizabeth of Valois

(Encyclopedia) Elizabeth of ValoisElizabeth of Valoisvălˈwä, Fr. välwäˈ [key], 1545–68, queen of Spain, daughter of Henry II of France. Originally intended to wed Don Carlos, son of Philip II of…

Carlos, prince of the Asturias

(Encyclopedia) Carlos, 1545–68, prince of the Asturias, son of Philip II of Spain and Maria of Portugal. Don Carlos, who seems to have been mentally unbalanced and subject to fits of homicidal mania…

Ksar el Kebir

(Encyclopedia) Ksar el KebirKsar el Kebirksär ĕl kĕbĭrˈ [key], city (1994 pop. 107,065), N Morocco. The name also appears as Alcazarquivir and Al Qasr al Kabir. Near the city on Aug. 4, 1578, the…

Vervins, Treaty of

(Encyclopedia) Vervins, Treaty ofVervins, Treaty ofvĕrvăNˈ [key], 1598, peace treaty signed at the small town of Vervins, Aisne dept., N France, by the representatives of Henry IV of France and…

Ortelius, Abraham

(Encyclopedia) Ortelius, AbrahamOrtelius, Abrahamôrtēˈlyəs [key], 1527–98, Flemish geographer, of German origin. Next to his contemporary Mercator, he is the most renowned of the 16th-century Flemish…

Norfolk, Thomas Howard, 4th duke of

(Encyclopedia) Norfolk, Thomas Howard, 4th duke of, 1536–72, English nobleman, son of Henry Howard, earl of Surrey. He succeeded his grandfather, the 3d duke, in 1554. He was favored by Queen…

João Pessoa

(Encyclopedia) João PessoaJoão PessoazhwouN pəsôˈə [key], city (1991 pop. 497,600), capital of Paraíba state, NE Brazil, at the confluence of the Sanhauá and Paraíba do Norte rivers. Cotton, sugar,…