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Amazon, river, Peru and Brazil

(Encyclopedia) Amazon, Port. AmazonasAmazon,ämäzōˈnəs [key], world's second longest river, c.3,900 mi (6,280 km) long, formed by the junction in N Peru's Andes Mts. of two major headstreams, the…

Odebrecht corruption scandal

(Encyclopedia) Odebrecht corruption scandal, series of graft scandals involving the Odebrecht (now Novonor), a Brazilian construction and petrochemicals conglomerate, as well as Petrobras, the…

El Niño–Southern Oscillation

(Encyclopedia) El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO)El Niño–Southern Oscillationĕl nēnˈyō [key], large-scale climatic fluctuation of the tropical Pacific Ocean and the overlying atmosphere. The El Niño…

Bolívar, Simón

(Encyclopedia) Bolívar, SimónBolívar, Simónsēmōnˈ bōlēˈvär [key], 1783–1830, South American revolutionary who led independence wars in the present nations of Venezuela, Colombia, Panama, Ecuador,…

Arias de Ávila, Pedro

(Encyclopedia) Arias de Ávila, PedroArias de Ávila, Pedropāˈᵺrō äˈryäs dā äˈvēlä [key], known as PedrariasPedrariaspāᵺräˈryäs [key], c.1440–1531, Spanish colonial administrator. He was sent (1514) as…

Chan Chan

(Encyclopedia) Chan ChanChan Chanchän chän [key], ruins of an ancient city near Trujillo, N Peru. An early example of city planning, with a rectangular grid structure, it was probably begun in the…

Huayna Capac

(Encyclopedia) Huayna CapacHuayna Capacwīˈnä käˈpäk [key], d. 1525, Inca of Peru, last of the great emperors. The Inca empire reached its greatest extent and power under his rule, but disruptive…

Hawkins, Sir Richard

(Encyclopedia) Hawkins, Sir Richard, 1562?–1622, English admiral, son of Sir John Hawkins. He served under Sir Francis Drake in the 1585–86 expedition to the West Indies, commanded the Swallow in the…

Janssen, Pierre Jules César

(Encyclopedia) Janssen, Pierre Jules CésarJanssen, Pierre Jules Césarpyĕr zhül sāzärˈ zhäNsĕnˈ [key], 1824–1907, French astronomer. In 1857–58, in Peru, he worked on the determination of the magnetic…

Apurímac

(Encyclopedia) ApurímacApurímacap&oomacr;rēˈmäk [key], river, c.430 mi (690 km) long, rising in the Andes, S Peru. It flows generally northwest in a narrow valley. After joining the Mantaro River…