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Ruscha, Ed

(Encyclopedia) Ruscha, Ed (Edward Joseph Ruscha 4th)Ruscha, Edr&oomacr;shāˈ [key], 1937–, American artist, b. Omaha, Neb. He is closely associated with Los Angeles, where he moved to attend (1956…

Foss, Lukas

(Encyclopedia) Foss, LukasFoss, Lukasfôs [key], 1922–2009, American composer, pianist, and conductor, b. Berlin as Lukas Fuchs. He came to the United States in 1937, attended the Curtis Institute in…

gang

(Encyclopedia) gang, group of people organized for a common purpose, often criminal. Gangs of criminals were long known on the American frontier and also flourished in urban settings. Notorious were…

Graham, Martha

(Encyclopedia) Graham, Martha, 1894–1991, American dancer, choreographer, and teacher, b. Pittsburgh. Her family moved from Allegheny, Pa., to Santa Barbara, Calif., when she was 14. After 1916,…

Lipchitz, Jacques

(Encyclopedia) Lipchitz, JacquesLipchitz, Jacqueszhäk lēpshētsˈ [key], 1891–1973, French sculptor, b. Lithuania as Chaim Jacob Lipchitz. From 1909, Lipchitz studied in Paris, where he became a member…

Sulzberger, Arthur Hays

(Encyclopedia) Sulzberger, Arthur Hays, 1891–1968, American newspaper publisher, b. New York City. He joined the New York Times in 1918 and assisted his father-in-law, the publisher Adolph S. Ochs,…

Ailey, Alvin, Jr.

(Encyclopedia) Ailey, Alvin, Jr.Ailey, Alvin, Jr.āˈlē [key], 1931–89, American modern dancer and choreographer, b. Rogers, Tex. Ailey studied in Los Angeles with Lester Horton, whose strong, dramatic…

National Basketball Association Champions

The National Basketball Association was originally the Basketball Association of America. It took its current name in 1949 when it merged with the National Basketball League. Year Eastern…

Bogdanovich, Peter

(Encyclopedia) Bogdanovich, Peter, 1939 - 2021, American film director, actor, and critic, b. Kingston, N.Y. Bogdanovich was the son of Serbian…