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Bloomfield, Leonard

(Encyclopedia) Bloomfield, Leonard, 1887–1949, American linguist, b. Chicago. Bloomfield was professor at Ohio State Univ. (1921–27), at the Univ. of Chicago (1927–40), and at Yale (from 1940). His…

Baterson, Mary Catherine

(Encyclopedia) Bateson, Mary Catherine, 1939-2021, American linguist and anthropologist, b. New York City, grad. Radcliffe (BA,1960), Harvard (Ph.D.,…

deconstruction

(Encyclopedia) deconstruction, in linguistics, philosophy, and literary theory, the exposure and undermining of the metaphysical assumptions involved in systematic attempts to ground knowledge,…

ethnology

(Encyclopedia) ethnologyethnologyĕthnŏlˈəjē [key], scientific study of the origin and functioning of human cultures. It is usually considered one of the major branches of cultural anthropology, the…

semiotics

(Encyclopedia) semiotics or semiology, discipline deriving from the American logician C. S. Peirce and the French linguist Ferdinand de Saussure. It has come to mean generally the study of any…

higher criticism

(Encyclopedia) higher criticism, name given to a type of biblical criticism distinguished from textual or lower criticism. It seeks to interpret text of the Bible free from confessional and dogmatic…

Bentley, Arthur Fisher

(Encyclopedia) Bentley, Arthur Fisher, 1870–1957, American political scientist and philosopher, b. Freeport, Ill., studied Johns Hopkins (B.A., 1892; Ph.D., 1895) and Univ. of Berlin. After a year…

Lacan, Jacques

(Encyclopedia) Lacan, JacquesLacan, Jacqueszhäk läkäNˈ [key], 1901–81, French psychoanalyst. After receiving a medical degree, he became a psychoanalyst in Paris. Lacan was infamous for his…

Altaic

(Encyclopedia) AltaicAltaicăltāˈĭk [key], subfamily of the Ural-Altaic family of languages (see Uralic and Altaic languages). Some scholars still consider Altaic an independent linguistic family.…