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linguistics

(Encyclopedia) linguistics, scientific study of language, covering the structure (morphology and syntax; see grammar), sounds (phonology), and meaning (semantics), as well as the history of the…

Saussure, Ferdinand de

(Encyclopedia) Saussure, Ferdinand deSaussure, Ferdinand defĕrdēnäNˈ də sōsürˈ [key], 1857–1913, Swiss linguist. One of the founders of modern linguistics, he established the structural study of…

Brugmann, Karl

(Encyclopedia) Brugmann, KarlBrugmann, Karlkärl br&oobreve;kˈmän [key], 1849–1919, German philologist. A professor at Leipzig, Brugmann believed that scientific rules of linguistics do not admit…

Sapir, Edward

(Encyclopedia) Sapir, EdwardSapir, Edwardsəpērˈ [key], 1884–1939, American linguist and anthropologist, b. Pomerania. Sapir was brought to the United States in 1889. After teaching at the Univ. of…

If You Love Words, Consider Studying Linguistics

Linguistics may best be described as the rebar of the humanities—the supportive backbone that will rarely see the light of day. The value of linguistic scholarship to historians, translators, and…

Jakobson, Roman

(Encyclopedia) Jakobson, RomanJakobson, Romanrəmänˈ yäkˈôbsən [key], 1896–1982, Russian-American linguist and literary critic, b. Moscow. He coined the term structural linguistics and stressed that…

Kristeva, Julia

(Encyclopedia) Kristeva, Julia, 1941–, French critic, psychoanalyst, semiotician, and writer, b. Sliven, Bulgaria. Writing in French, she has explored many subjects including structuralist…

Whorf, Benjamin Lee

(Encyclopedia) Whorf, Benjamin LeeWhorf, Benjamin Leehwôrf [key], 1897–1941, American linguist and anthropologist, b. Winthrop, Mass. Although he was trained in chemical engineering and worked for an…

Weinreich, Uriel

(Encyclopedia) Weinreich, Uriel, 1926–67, Polish-American linguist, b. Vilnius, Poland (now in Lithuania), Ph.D. Columbia Univ., 1951. Weinreich taught linguistics at Columbia (1951–67) and is noted…