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Çiller, Tansu

(Encyclopedia) Çiller, TansuÇiller, Tansutänˈs&oomacr; chēlĕrˈ [key], 1946–, Turkish politician, first woman prime minister of Turkey (1993–96). She studied at the Univ. of the Bosporus, İstanbul…

Gül, Abdullah

(Encyclopedia) Gül, AbdullahGül, Abdullahäbˈd&oomacr;lä g&oomacr;l [key], 1950–, Turkish politician, grad. İstanbul Univ. (B.A., 1971; Ph.D., 1983). An economist, he was first elected to…

Auerbach, Erich

(Encyclopedia) Auerbach, Erich, 1892–1957, German-American philologist, literary scholar, and critic, b. Berlin, Ph.D. Univ. of Greifswald, 1921. He is known primarily for Mimesis: The Representation…

Ahmed I

(Encyclopedia) Ahmed IAhmed Iäˈmĕd [key], 1589–1617, Ottoman sultan (1603–17), son and successor of Muhammad III to the throne of the Ottoman Empire. The chief event of his reign was the Treaty of…

Sinan

(Encyclopedia) SinanSinansēnän [key], Muslim architect, 1490?–1588?. He is regarded as the greatest of Islamic builders, and his finest achievements lie in his solutions to spatial problems posed by…

San Stefano, Treaty of

(Encyclopedia) San Stefano, Treaty ofSan Stefano, Treaty ofsăn stĕfˈənō [key], 1878, peace treaty between Russia and the Ottoman Empire, at the conclusion of the last of the Russo-Turkish Wars; it…

Kemal, Yaşar

(Encyclopedia) Kemal, Yaşar or Yashar, 1923–2015, Turkish novelist, b. Kemal Sadik Gögçeli. His rural childhood was marked by poverty and trauma; at a mosque at age five he witnessed his father's…

Turkish language

(Encyclopedia) Turkish language, member of the Turkic subdivision of the Altaic subfamily of the Ural-Altaic family of languages (see Uralic and Altaic languages). Turkish is the official language of…

November 2003 Disasters

Nov. 2, Bohorok, Indonesia: Flash floods struck the tourist town of Bohorok, near an Indonesia's nation park and orangutan reserve, wiping out many guesthouses near the river banks and…