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Dumas, Jean Baptiste André

(Encyclopedia) Dumas, Jean Baptiste AndréDumas, Jean Baptiste AndrézhäN bätēstˈ äNdrāˈ [key]Dumas, Jean Baptiste André dümäˈ [key], 1800–1884, French organic chemist. He was distinguished for his…

Wuchang

(Encyclopedia) WuchangWuchangw&oomacr;-chäng [key], former city, since 1950 part of Wuhan, E Hubei prov., China, on the right bank of the Chang River at the mouth of the Han. It is an…

Tilly, Charles

(Encyclopedia) Tilly, Charles, 1929–2008, American sociologist, b. Lombard, Ill. Educated at Harvard and Oxford, Tilly taught at the Univ. of Michigan, the New School for Social Research, and…

Virginia Military Institute

(Encyclopedia) Virginia Military Institute (VMI), at Lexington; state supported; chartered and opened 1839 as the first state military college in the United States. Although one of the leading U.S.…

estate

(Encyclopedia) estate. 1 In property law, see property; tenure. 2 In constitutional law, an estate denotes an organized class of society with a separate voice in government. Representation by estate…

prison

(Encyclopedia) prison, place of confinement for the punishment and rehabilitation of criminals. By the end of the 18th cent. imprisonment was the chief mode of punishment for all but capital crimes.…

Strachan, John

(Encyclopedia) Strachan, JohnStrachan, Johnstrôn [key], 1778–1867, Canadian Anglican prelate, b. Scotland. As a member of the executive council of Upper Canada (1815–36) and of the legislative…

Stair, James Dalrymple, 1st Viscount

(Encyclopedia) Stair, James Dalrymple, 1st ViscountStair, James Dalrymple, 1st Viscountdălrĭmˈpəl, dălˈrĭmpəl [key], 1619–95, Scottish jurist. A student and then a regent of the Univ. of Glasgow, he…

Stark, Johannes

(Encyclopedia) Stark, Johannes, 1874–1957, German physicist, Ph.D. Univ. of Munich, 1897. From 1900 until he retired in 1922, Stark served short stints on the faculties of several academic…

Spitzer, Eliot Laurence

(Encyclopedia) Spitzer, Eliot Laurence, 1959–, U.S. lawyer and politician, b. Riverdale, N.Y., grad. Princeton (B.A. 1981), Harvard Law School (J.D. 1984). A Democrat, he practiced corporate law…