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Alaric I

(Encyclopedia) Alaric IAlaric Iălˈərĭk [key], c.370–410, Visigothic king. He headed the Visigothic troops serving Emperor Theodosius I. After the emperor's death (395) the troops rebelled and chose…

Meiji

(Encyclopedia) MeijiMeijimāˈjē [key], 1852–1912, reign name of the emperor of Japan from 1867 to 1912; his given name was Mutsuhito. He ascended the throne when he was 15. A year later the shogun…

John VIII, Byzantine emperor

(Encyclopedia) John VIII (John Palaeologus), 1390–1448, Byzantine emperor (1425–48), son and successor of Manuel II. When he acceded, the Byzantine Empire had been reduced by the Turks to the city of…

Heliogabalus

(Encyclopedia) HeliogabalusHeliogabalushēˌlēōgăbˈələs [key] or ElagabalusHeliogabalusĕləgăbˈələs [key], c.205–222, Roman emperor (218–22). He was a priest of the local sun god, Elagabalus, at Emesa…

Nicephorus II

(Encyclopedia) Nicephorus II (Nicephorus Phocas)Nicephorus IInīsĕfˈərəs [key]Nicephorus IIfōˈkəs [key], c.912–969, Byzantine emperor (963–69). He was a successful general under Constantine VII and…

Lombard League

(Encyclopedia) Lombard League, an alliance formed in 1167 among the communes of Lombardy to resist Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I when he attempted to assert his imperial authority in Lombardy.…

Otho, Marcus Salvius

(Encyclopedia) Otho, Marcus SalviusOtho, Marcus Salviusōˈthō [key], a.d. 32–a.d. 69, Roman emperor (Jan.–April, a.d. 69). He was a friend of Nero, and his wife, Poppaea Sabina, became Nero's mistress…

Confederation of the Rhine

(Encyclopedia) Confederation of the Rhine, league of German states formed by Emperor Napoleon I in 1806 after his defeat of the Austrians at Austerlitz. Among its members were the newly created…

Frederick I, elector of Brandenburg

(Encyclopedia) Frederick I, 1371–1440, elector of Brandenburg (1415–40), first of the Hohenzollerns (see Hohenzollern, family) to rule Brandenburg. As Frederick VI, burgrave of Nuremburg, he served…

Avitus

(Encyclopedia) AvitusAvitusəvīˈtəs [key], d. 456?, Roman emperor of the West (455–56). He was proclaimed emperor in Gaul with the support of the Visigoths but was deposed by Ricimer. He was elected…