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Figueres Ferrer, José

(Encyclopedia) Figueres Ferrer, JoséFigueres Ferrer, Joséhōsāˈ fēgāˈrās fār-rārˈ [key], 1906–90, president of Costa Rica (1948–49, 1953–58, 1970–74). He rose to prominence as an outspoken critic of…

Calisher, Hortense

(Encyclopedia) Calisher, HortenseCalisher, Hortensekălˈĭshər [key], 1911–2009, American author, b. New York City, grad. Barnard College, 1932. Her novels are difficult to categorize, blending deft…

multiplexing

(Encyclopedia) multiplexing, in communication, technique whereby two or more independent messages, or information-bearing signals, are carried by a single common medium, or channel. When multiplexing…

Maracaibo, Lake

(Encyclopedia) Maracaibo, Lake, largest lake of South America, c.5,100 sq mi (13,210 sq km), NW Venezuela, extending c.110 mi (180 km) inland. A strait, 34 mi (55 km) long, connects it with the Gulf…

imprinting

(Encyclopedia) imprinting, acquisition of behavior in many animal species, in which, at a critical period early in life, the animals form strong and lasting attachments. Imprinting is important for…

Kuroda, Kiyotaka

(Encyclopedia) Kuroda, Kiyotaka, 1840–1900, Japanese political leader. Born into a samurai family in Satsuma, he was active in overthrowing the Tokugawa shogunate and promoting the Meiji restoration…

cybernetics

(Encyclopedia) cybernetics [Gr.,=steersman], term coined by American mathematician Norbert Wiener to refer to the general analysis of control systems and communication systems in living organisms and…

Gilman, Alfred Goodman

(Encyclopedia) Gilman, Alfred Goodman, 1941–2015, American biochemist, b. New Haven, Conn., M.D., Ph.D. Case Western Reserve Univ., 1969. He taught at the Univ. of Virginia (1971–1981) before…

Marion, Francis

(Encyclopedia) Marion, FrancisMarion, Francismârˈēən [key], c.1732–1795, American Revolutionary soldier, known as the Swamp Fox, b. near Georgetown, S.C. He was a planter and Indian fighter before…

divination

(Encyclopedia) divination, practice of foreseeing future events or obtaining secret knowledge through communication with divine sources and through omens, oracles, signs, and portents. It is based on…