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Graham Land

(Encyclopedia) Graham Land, part of the Antarctic Peninsula, W Antarctica. This ice-covered, mountainous area was thought to be a group of islands but further exploration (1934) showed it to be…

Gramm-Rudman-Hollings Act

(Encyclopedia) Gramm-Rudman-Hollings Act, officially the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985, U.S. budget deficit reduction measure. The law provided for automatic spending cuts…

Hindustan

(Encyclopedia) HindustanHindustanhĭnˌd&oobreve;stănˈ [key] [Persian,=Hindu land], historical term, usually applied to the Ganges Plain of N India, between the Himalayas in the north and the…

Morris, Edward Patrick Morris, 1st Baron

(Encyclopedia) Morris, Edward Patrick Morris, 1st Baron, 1859–1935, Newfoundland political leader, b. St. John's. He sat (1885–1918) in the Newfoundland parliament and was a delegate to the…

dominion

(Encyclopedia) dominion, power to rule, or that which is subject to rule. Before 1949 the term was used officially to describe the self-governing countries of the Commonwealth of Nations—e.g., Canada…

genius

(Encyclopedia) genius, in Roman religion, guardian spirit of a man, a family, or a state. In some instances, a place, a city, or an institution had its genius. As the guardian spirit of an individual…

Flinders, Matthew

(Encyclopedia) Flinders, Matthew, 1774–1814, English naval captain and hydrographer, noted for his charting and coast surveys of Australia and Tasmania. From 1795 to 1799 and again from 1801 to 1803…

tugboat

(Encyclopedia) tugboat, small, strongly built vessel, used to guide large oceangoing ships into and out of port and to tow barges, dredging and salvage equipment, and disabled vessels. Tugboats range…

Pius VI

(Encyclopedia) Pius VI, 1717–99, pope (1775–99), an Italian named G. Angelo Braschi, b. Cesena; successor of Clement XIV. He was created cardinal in 1774. Early in his reign he was faced with the…

Stephens, Alexander Hamilton

(Encyclopedia) Stephens, Alexander Hamilton, 1812–83, American political leader, Confederate vice president (1861–65), b. Taliaferro co. (then part of Wilkes co.), Ga. He was admitted to the bar in…