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Lease, Mary Elizabeth

(Encyclopedia) Lease, Mary Elizabeth, 1853–1933, American agrarian reformer and temperance advocate, b. Ridgeway, Pa. The daughter of an Irish political refugee, she first gained recognition for a…

virtue

(Encyclopedia) virtue [Lat.,=manliness], in philosophy, quality of good in human conduct. The cardinal virtues, as presented by Plato, were wisdom (or prudence), courage, temperance, and justice.…

Westminster

(Encyclopedia) Westminster. 1 Residential city (1990 pop. 78,118), Orange co., S Calif.; founded 1870 as a temperance colony for Presbyterians, inc. 1957. It has several industrial parks. Naval…

The Gay Rights Movement of the 20th Century

Source: Excerpted from The Reader's Companion to American History. Copyright © 1991 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Late in the [19th] century, as large cities allowed for greater anonymity, as wage…

nastic movement

(Encyclopedia) nastic movement, in botany, the movement of plant parts in response either to certain external stimuli or to internal growth stimuli. Nastic movements, which are generally slow, can be…

Nonaligned Movement

(Encyclopedia) Nonaligned Movement, organized movement of nations that attempted to form a third world force through a policy of nonalignment with the United States and Soviet Union. Yugoslavia,…

Chautauqua movement

(Encyclopedia) Chautauqua movement, development in adult education somewhat similar to the lyceum movement. It derived from an institution at Chautauqua, N.Y. There, in 1873, John Heyl Vincent and…

ecumenical movement

(Encyclopedia) ecumenical movementecumenical movementĕkˌy&oomacr;mĕnˈĭkəl, ĕkˌyə– [key], name given to the movement aimed at the unification of the Protestant churches of the world and ultimately…