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fasting

(Encyclopedia) fasting, partial or temporary abstinence from food, a widely used form of asceticism. Among the stricter Jews the principal fast is the Day of Atonement, or Yom Kippur; in Islam the…

fullerene

(Encyclopedia) fullerene, any of a class of carbon molecules in which the carbon atoms are arranged into 12 pentagonal faces and 2 or more hexagonal faces to form a hollow sphere, cylinder, or…

typewriter

(Encyclopedia) typewriter, instrument for producing by manual operation characters similar to those of printing. Corresponding to each key on the instrument's keyboard is a steel type. Activated…

Wolfowitz, Paul Dundes

(Encyclopedia) Wolfowitz, Paul Dundes 1943–, American political figure, b. Brooklyn, N.Y., grad. Cornell (B.A. 1965), Univ. of Chicago (Ph.D. 1972). In 1966 he entered government service, and worked…

Bangladesh

(Encyclopedia) CE5 Bangladesh Bangladesh bäng-lädĕshˈ, băng– [key] [Bengali,=Bengal nation], officially People's…

Jaruzelski, Wojciech Witold

(Encyclopedia) Jaruzelski, Wojciech WitoldJaruzelski, Wojciech Witoldvōĭˈchĕkh vēˈtōld yär&oomacr;zĕlˈ&oomacr;skē [key], 1923–2014, Polish military and political leader. His family fled the…

rattlesnake

(Encyclopedia) rattlesnake, poisonous New World snake of the pit viper family, distinguished by a rattle at the end of the tail. The head is triangular, being widened at the base. The rattle is a…

bowling

(Encyclopedia) bowling, indoor sport, also called tenpins, played by rolling a ball down an alley at ten pins; for lawn bowling, see bowls. Bowling is one of the most popular participatory sports in…

hedgehog

(Encyclopedia) hedgehog, Old World insectivorous mammal of the family Erinaceidae. The spiny hedgehogs are found in Africa and Eurasia, except SE Asia. They have rounded bodies up to 13 in. (33 cm)…

closed shop and open shop

(Encyclopedia) closed shop and open shop. The term “closed shop” is used to signify an establishment employing only members of a labor union. The union shop, a closely allied term, indicates a…