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blasting

(Encyclopedia) blasting, shattering, breaking, or splitting of rock or other material by the discharge of an explosive placed within or in contact with it. It is a necessary part of many engineering…

kettle

(Encyclopedia) kettle, oval depression found in glacial moraines, which are landforms made up of rock debris. When a glacier melts and draws away from an area, a block of ice may break off and be…

shaft sinking

(Encyclopedia) shaft sinking, excavation from the surface of an opening in the earth. Shafts, which are generally vertical, are usually distinguished from tunnels, which are horizontal. Little…

Lewis, Jerry Lee

(Encyclopedia) Lewis, Jerry Lee, 1935–2022, American singer and composer, b. Ferriday, La. Combining country music elements with an energetic…

cleavage

(Encyclopedia) cleavage, tendency of many minerals to split along definite smooth planar surfaces determined by their crystal structure. The directions of these surfaces are related to weaknesses in…

Puy-en-Velay, Le

(Encyclopedia) Puy-en-Velay, LePuy-en-Velay, Lelə püēˈ-äN-vəlāˈ [key], city (1990 pop. 23,434), capital of Haute-Loire dept., S central France. Le Puy-en-Velay is the center of an old lace industry,…

gravel

(Encyclopedia) gravel, particles of rock, i.e., stones and pebbles, usually round in form and intermediate in size between sand grains and boulders. Gravel is composed of various kinds of rock, the…

basalt

(Encyclopedia) basaltbasaltbəsôltˈ, băsˈôlt [key], fine-grained rock of volcanic origin, dark gray, dark green, brown, reddish, or black in color. Basalt is an igneous rock, i.e., one that has…

Sterling

(Encyclopedia) Sterling. 1 City (1990 pop. 10,362), seat of Logan co., NE Colo., on the South Platte River; inc. 1884. It is the trading and shipping center of an agricultural area (grain, cattle,…

Red Rock chicken

(Encyclopedia) Red Rock chicken, the only chicken still popular to any large extent in the United States today for both meat and eggs. It resulted from a cross between a Rhode Island Red male and a…