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Lorentz, Hendrik Antoon

(Encyclopedia) Lorentz, Hendrik AntoonLorentz, Hendrik Antoonhĕnˈdrək änˈtōn lōˈrĕnts [key], 1853–1928, Dutch physicist, a pioneer in formulating the relations between electricity, magnetism, and…

halo, in meteorology

(Encyclopedia) halo, in meteorology, short-lived circles or arcs, and less commonly spikes and crosses, of colored or whitish light surrounding the moon or sun or in clouds as seen from above. A halo…

seeing

(Encyclopedia) seeing, in astronomy, the clarity with which stars and other celestial objects can be observed. It is primarily determined by the atmosphere of the earth. The most obvious phenomenon…

altitude

(Encyclopedia) altitude, vertical distance of an object above some datum plane, such as mean sea level or a reference point on the earth's surface. It is usually measured by the reduction in…

polarization of light

(Encyclopedia) polarization of light, orientation of the vibration pattern of light waves in a singular plane. Unpolarized light can be converted into a single polarized beam by means of the Nicol…

Weather: Getting Down to Basics

Getting Down to BasicsWeatherWhat Should I Wear?Playing the OddsGetting Down to BasicsForecasting from the Beginning Although this introduction to weather forecasting may seem flip, it is meant to…

Brewer's: Spectrum, Spectra, Spectre

(Latin, specto, to behold). In optics a spectrum is the image of a sunbeam beheld on a screen, after refraction by one or more prisms. Spectra are the images of objects left on the eye…

aberration

(Encyclopedia) CE5 A. Spherical aberration: Light rays near the edge of the lens are bent more and brought to focus nearer to the lens. B. Chromatic aberration: Shorter wavelengths (higher…

image

(Encyclopedia) image, in optics, likeness or counterpart of an object produced when rays of light coming from that object are reflected from a mirror or are refracted by a lens. An image of an object…

ophthalmology

(Encyclopedia) ophthalmologyophthalmologyŏfˌthălmŏlˈəjē [key], branch of medicine specializing in the anatomy, function and diseases of the eye. Ophthalmologists specialize in the medical and…