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Throckmorton, Francis

(Encyclopedia) Throckmorton or Throgmorton, Francis, 1554–84, English conspirator; nephew of Sir Nicholas Throckmorton. A Roman Catholic, he began (1580) a tour of Europe, spent largely in discussing…

Parr, Catherine

(Encyclopedia) Parr, Catherine, 1512–48, sixth queen consort of Henry VIII of England. She was the daughter of Sir Thomas Parr, an officeholder at the court, and had been twice widowed before Henry…

Juliana

(Encyclopedia) JulianaJulianaj&oomacr;ˌlē-ănˈə [key], 1909–2004, queen of the Netherlands (1948–80). She succeeded on the abdication of her mother, Queen Wilhelmina. A popular monarch, she…

Elizabeth, queen of Bohemia

(Encyclopedia) Elizabeth, 1596–1662, queen of Bohemia, daughter of James I of England. Her beauty attracted most of the royal suitors of Europe (she was nicknamed the “Queen of Hearts”), but she was…

Joanna I

(Encyclopedia) Joanna I, 1326–82, queen of Naples (1343–81), countess of Provence. She was the granddaughter of King Robert of Naples, whom she succeeded with her husband, Andrew of Hungary. The…

Masham, Abigail, Lady

(Encyclopedia) Masham, Abigail, LadyMasham, Abigail, Ladymăshˈəm [key], d. 1734, favorite of Queen Anne of England. Her maiden name was Abigail Hill. A plain, intelligent person, she became (1704)…

Shaw, Richard Norman

(Encyclopedia) Shaw, Richard Norman, 1831–1912, English architect. Breaking away from contemporary Victorian house designs and returning to the Queen Anne and Georgian styles and to traditional…

Marie

(Encyclopedia) MarieMariemərēˈ [key], 1875–1938, queen of Romania, consort of Ferdinand. The daughter of Alfred, duke of Edinburgh and of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, she was the granddaughter of Czar…

Bertrada

(Encyclopedia) BertradaBertradabĕrträˈdə [key], d. 783, Frankish queen, wife of Pepin the Short and mother of Charlemagne. She tried without success to reconcile Charlemagne and his brother Carloman…