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nonmetal

(Encyclopedia) nonmetal, chemical element possessing certain properties by which it is distinguished from a metal. In general, this distinction is drawn on the basis that a nonmetal tends to accept…

Ketterle, Wolfgang

(Encyclopedia) Ketterle, Wolfgang, 1957–, German physicist, Ph.D. Max Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, Garching, Germany, 1986. He has been a professor at Massachusetts Institute of Technology…

alloy

(Encyclopedia) alloyalloyălˈoi, əloiˈ [key] [O. Fr.,=combine], substance with metallic properties that consists of a metal fused with one or more metals or nonmetals. Alloys may be a homogeneous…

stellar structure

(Encyclopedia) stellar structure, physical properties of a star and the processes taking place within it. Except for that of the sun, astronomers must draw their conclusions regarding stellar…

isotope

(Encyclopedia) CE5 Isotopes of hydrogen isotopeisotopeīˈsətōp [key], in chemistry and physics, one of two or more atoms having the same atomic number but differing in atomic weight and mass…

butyric acid

(Encyclopedia) butyric acidbutyric acidby&oomacr;tĭrˈĭk [key] or butanoic acidbutanoic acidby&oomacr;tənōˈĭk [key], CH3CH2CH2CO2H, viscous, foul-smelling, liquid carboxylic acid; m.p. about −…

Thouless, David James

(Encyclopedia) Thouless, David James, 1934–2019, British physicist, b. Bearsden, Scotland, Ph.D. Cornell, 1958. He was a professor at the Univ. of Birmingham, England (1965–78), Yale (1979–80), and…

mineral

(Encyclopedia) mineral, inorganic substance occurring in nature, having a characteristic and homogeneous chemical composition, definite physical properties, and, usually, a definite crystalline form…

rheology

(Encyclopedia) rheologyrheologyrēŏlˈəjē [key], branch of physics dealing with the deformation and flow of matter. It is particularly concerned with the properties of matter that determine its…

dielectric

(Encyclopedia) dielectricdielectricdīˌĭlĕkˈtrĭk [key], material that does not conduct electricity readily, i.e., an insulator (see insulation). A good dielectric should also have other properties: It…