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annealing

(Encyclopedia) annealingannealingənēlˈĭng [key], process in which glass, metals, and other materials are treated to render them less brittle and more workable. Annealing consists of heating the…

tempering

(Encyclopedia) tempering, process involving slow and moderate heating to increase the hardness and toughness of metals that have undergone previous heat treatment. Metals are usually hardened (see…

welding

(Encyclopedia) welding, process for joining separate pieces of metal in a continuous metallic bond. Cold-pressure welding is accomplished by the application of high pressure at room temperature;…

colorization, motion picture

(Encyclopedia) colorization, motion picture, electronic process that uses computers to add color to black-and-white movies, creating new colored videotape versions. Invented by Canadians Wilson…

Kornberg, Roger David

(Encyclopedia) Kornberg, Roger David, 1947–, American biochemist, b. St. Louis, Mo., Ph.D. Stanford, 1972; son of Arthur Kornberg. Kornberg held academic posts at Cambridge (1972–76) and Harvard (…

thermite

(Encyclopedia) thermite [from Thermit, a trade name], mixture of powdered or granular aluminum metal and powdered iron oxide. When ignited it gives off large amounts of heat. In wartime it has been…

Ives, Frederic Eugene

(Encyclopedia) Ives, Frederic Eugene, 1856–1937, American inventor, b. Litchfield, Conn. A pioneer in the development of orthochromatic and trichromatic photography and of photoengraving, he followed…

repoussé

(Encyclopedia) repoussérepoussérəp&oomacr;sāˈ [key], the process or the product of ornamenting metallic surfaces with designs in relief hammered out from the back by hand. Gold and silver are…

Day, Benjamin

(Encyclopedia) Day, Benjamin, 1838–1916, American printer; son of Benjamin Henry Day. While working in New York City, Day invented a process, utilizing celluloid sheets, for shading plates in the…