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observatory, orbiting

(Encyclopedia) observatory, orbiting, research satellite designed to study solar radiation, electromagnetic radiation from distant stars, the earth's atmosphere, or the like. Because the atmosphere…

Flagstaff

(Encyclopedia) Flagstaff, city (2020 pop. 76,831), seat of Coconino co., N Ariz., near the San Francisco Peaks; inc. 1894. Lumbering, ranching, and a…

Galle, Johann Gottfried

(Encyclopedia) Galle, Johann GottfriedGalle, Johann Gottfriedyōˈhän gôtˈfrēt gäˈlə [key], 1812–1910, German astronomer. He is noted for his discovery of the planet Neptune, Sept. 23, 1846, by…

Cassini

(Encyclopedia) CassiniCassinikäs-sēˈnē [key], name of a family of Italian-French astronomers, four generations of whom were directors of the Paris Observatory. Gian Domenico Cassini, 1625–1712, was…

Barnard, Edward Emerson

(Encyclopedia) Barnard, Edward Emerson, 1857–1923, American astronomer, b. Nashville, Tenn., grad. Vanderbilt Univ., 1887. From 1887 to 1895 he was astronomer at Lick Observatory in California, and…

Ulugh-Beg

(Encyclopedia) Ulugh-Beg or Ulug-BegUlugh-Begboth: &oomacr;ˈl&oomacr;g bĕg [key], 1394–1449, Timurid ruler and astronomer. The grandson of Timur (or Tamerlane), he succeeded to the Timurid…

Orbiting Geophysical Observatory

(Encyclopedia) Orbiting Geophysical Observatory (OGO), series of six orbiting observatories (see observatory, orbiting) launched between 1964 and 1969 by the National Aeronautics and Space…

Rømer, Olaus

(Encyclopedia) Rømer, Olaus or OleRømer, Olaus or Oleōläˈ&oobreve;s, ōˈlə römˈər [key], 1644–1710, Danish astronomer. He is noted for his discovery that light travels at a definite speed and does…

Picard, Jean

(Encyclopedia) Picard, Jean, 1620–82, French astronomer, noted for having made the first accurate measurement of a degree of the earth's meridian. The figures he established were of great value to…