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Africanus, Sextus Julius

(Encyclopedia) Africanus, Sextus JuliusAfricanus, Sextus Juliussĕkˈstəs j&oomacr;lˈyəs ăfrĭkāˈnəs [key], c.160–c.240, Christian historian. He wrote Chronologia, a history of the world from the…

William of Newburgh

(Encyclopedia) William of Newburgh, 1136?–1198?, English chronicler, monk of Newburgh, Yorkshire. He wrote the Historia rerum Anglicarum, a history of England from 1066 to 1198. Its chief value lies…

Toynbee, Arnold Joseph

(Encyclopedia) Toynbee, Arnold Joseph, 1889–1975, English historian; nephew of Arnold Toynbee. Educated at Oxford, he served in the British foreign office during World Wars I and II and was a…

Hobsbawm, Eric John Ernest

(Encyclopedia) Hobsbawm, Eric John Ernest , 1917–2012, British Marxist historian, b. Alexandria, Egypt. Educated at Cambridge (Ph.D., 1951), he joined the Communist party there in 1936. He served in…

Dove, Rita

(Encyclopedia) Dove, Rita, 1952–, American poet, b. Akron, Ohio, studied Iowa Writers' Workshop (M.F.A., 1977). Her first poetry collection, Ten Poems, was published in 1977. Her verse is at once…

folk drama

(Encyclopedia) folk drama, noncommercial, generally rural theater and pageantry based on folk traditions and local history. This form of drama, common throughout the world, declined in popularity in…

Catton, Bruce

(Encyclopedia) Catton, Bruce, 1899–1978, American historian, b. Petoskey, Mich. He studied at Oberlin College and then entered upon a varied career as a journalist (1926–42) and public official (1942…

Littré, Maximilien Paul Émile

(Encyclopedia) Littré, Maximilien Paul ÉmileLittré, Maximilien Paul ÉmilemäksēmēlyăNˈ pōl āmēlˈ lētrāˈ [key], 1801–81, French lexicographer. Known as a positivist philosopher and as professor of…

Clavijero, Francisco Javier

(Encyclopedia) Clavijero, Francisco JavierClavijero, Francisco Javierfränsēsˈkō hävyĕrˈ klävēhāˈrō [key], 1731–87, Mexican scholar and historian. A Jesuit, he taught in Mexico until the expulsion of…

Tuchman, Barbara Wertheim

(Encyclopedia) Tuchman, Barbara Wertheim, 1912–89, American historian, b. New York City. She won the Pulitzer Prize for history twice, for The Guns of August (1962), about the onset of World War I,…