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Cross, Wilbur Lucius

(Encyclopedia) Cross, Wilbur Lucius, 1862–1948, American educator and public official, b. Mansfield, Conn., grad. Yale (B.A., 1885; Ph.D., 1889). He was instructor (1894–97), assistant professor (…

governor, in government

(Encyclopedia) governor, chief executive of a dependent or component unit in a political system. In the United States, a governor is the chief executive of each state and is elected by the people of…

European Monetary Agreement

(Encyclopedia) European Monetary Agreement (EMA), international governmental facility (1958–72) for the settlement of balance of payments accounts between member states. The EMA, which was…

National Institute of Standards and Technology

(Encyclopedia) National Institute of Standards and Technology, governmental agency within the U.S. Dept. of Commerce with the mission of “working with industry to develop and apply technology,…

Bello, Andrés

(Encyclopedia) Bello, AndrésBello, Andrésändrāsˈ bāˈyō [key], 1781–1865, South American intellectual leader, b. Venezuela. In 1810 he was sent with Bolívar on a mission to London, where he remained…

Lieberman, Joseph Isador

(Encyclopedia) Lieberman, Joseph IsadorLieberman, Joseph Isadorlēˈbərmən [key], 1942–, American politician, b. Stamford, Conn., grad. Yale, 1964, Yale Law School, 1967. A Democrat, Lieberman…

Franklin Institute

(Encyclopedia) Franklin Institute, in Philadelphia; chartered and opened 1824 “for the promotion of the mechanic arts,” the first of its kind in the country. It was named for Benjamin Franklin. Since…

International Telecommunication Union

(Encyclopedia) International Telecommunication Union (ITU), specialized agency of the United Nations, with headquarters at Geneva. It was created in 1934 as a result of the merging of the…

demonetization

(Encyclopedia) demonetizationdemonetizationdēˌmŏnˌətəzāˈshən [key], governmental withdrawal of the monetary quality from particular coinage or precious metal. By demonetization former money is no…

Universal Postal Union

(Encyclopedia) Universal Postal Union (UPU), specialized agency of the United Nations since 1948, with headquarters at Bern, Switzerland. Established in 1875 following adoption of the Universal…