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Abacha, Sani

(Encyclopedia) Abacha, Sani, 1943–98, Nigerian military officer and political leader, b. Kano. He received military training in Nigeria and England, joining the Nigerian army in 1963. Abacha…

Ervin, Samuel James

(Encyclopedia) Ervin, Samuel JamesErvin, Samuel Jamesûrˈvĭn [key], 1896–1985, U.S. senator (1954–75), b. Morganton, N.C. Admitted to the bar in 1919, he became a distinguished jurist, serving as a…

Golding, Bruce

(Encyclopedia) Golding, Bruce, 1947–, Jamaican political leader. The son of Tacius Golding, a member of parliament and speaker of the house in the 1960s, he is a graduate of the Univ. of the West…

Gómez, José Miguel

(Encyclopedia) Gómez, José MiguelGómez, José Miguelhōsāˈ mēgĕlˈ gōˈmĕs [key], 1858–1921, president of Cuba (1909–13). He took part in the Ten Years War (1868–78) and the successful revolution begun…

Gregory X

(Encyclopedia) Gregory X, d. 1276, pope (1271–76), an Italian named Tebaldo Visconti, b. Piacenza; successor of Clement IV. After Clement IV's death the cardinals took 34 months to elect a pope.…

Karamanlis, Costas

(Encyclopedia) Karamanlis, Costas (Konstantinos Alexandrou Karamanlis)Karamanlis, Costaskōˈstäs kärämänlēsˈ, kōnstäntēˈnōs älĕkˈsänᵺ&oomacr; [key], 1956–, Greek politician, b. Athens. The nephew…

John XII, pope

(Encyclopedia) John XII, c.937–964, pope (955–64), a Roman (count of Tusculum) named Octavian; successor of Agapetus II and predecessor of either Leo VIII or Benedict V. His father, Alberic, secured…

Lourenço, João Manuel Gonçalves

(Encyclopedia) Lourenço, João Manuel Gonçalves, 1954–, Angolan political leader and military officer. A member of the Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola (MPLA), he fought against the…

Avellaneda, Nicolás

(Encyclopedia) Avellaneda, NicolásAvellaneda, Nicolásnēkōläsˈ ävāyänāˈᵺä [key], 1837–85, Argentine statesman, president of the republic (1874–80). As minister of justice, religion, and public…

Novatian

(Encyclopedia) NovatianNovatiannōvāˈshən [key], fl. 250, Roman priest, antipope (from 251), and theologian. He opposed the election of St. Cornelius as pope and set himself up instead. He gained…