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Curtis, George Ticknor

(Encyclopedia) Curtis, George Ticknor, 1812–94, American lawyer and writer, b. Watertown, Mass. A highly successful patent attorney, Curtis served in the Massachusetts legislature (1840–43) and as U.…

Douglas, Paul Howard

(Encyclopedia) Douglas, Paul Howard, 1892–1976, U.S. Senator (1949–67), b. Salem, Mass. An economist, he joined the faculty of the Univ. of Chicago in 1920; was active as a government adviser,…

Scalfaro, Oscar Luigi

(Encyclopedia) Scalfaro, Oscar LuigiScalfaro, Oscar Luigiōsˈkär l&oomacr;ēˈjē skälˈfärō [key], 1918–2012, Italian political leader, president of Italy (1992–99). A lawyer, Scalfaro aided jailed…

gag rules

(Encyclopedia) gag rules, in parliamentary procedure, rules limiting or prohibiting free debate on a particular issue. In U.S. history, the term is applied especially to procedural rules in force in…

Tindemans, Leo

(Encyclopedia) Tindemans, Leo (Leonard Clemence Tindemans), 1922–2014, Belgian stateman. He studied economics at the universities of Antwerp and Ghent, and in 1958 became head of the Flemish…

Fianna Fáil

(Encyclopedia) Fianna FáilFianna Fáilfēˈənə fäl [key], Irish political party, organized in 1926 by opponents of the Anglo-Irish treaty of 1921 establishing the Irish Free State and setting up…

Gingrich, Newt

(Encyclopedia) Gingrich, Newt (Newton Leroy Gingrich)Gingrich, Newtgĭngˈgrĭch [key], 1943–, U.S. congressman, Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives (1995–98), b. Harrisburg, Pa., as Newton…

Nicholls, Francis Redding Tillou

(Encyclopedia) Nicholls, Francis Redding Tillou, 1834–1912, American politician, b. Donaldsonville, La. At the outbreak of the Civil War he helped organize a company of Confederate volunteers and…

Cobb, Howell

(Encyclopedia) Cobb, Howell, 1815–68, American politican, b. Jefferson co., Ga. In 1837 he became solicitor general of the western judicial circuit of Georgia, a district populated largely by small…

Egan, Patrick

(Encyclopedia) Egan, PatrickEgan, Patrickēˈgən [key], 1841–1919, Irish and American political leader, b. Co. Longford, Ireland. Fervently devoted to the cause of Irish home rule and land reform, he…