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Manuel I, 1469–1521, king of Portugal

(Encyclopedia) Manuel I, 1469–1521, king of Portugal (1495–1521), successor of John II. Manuel's reign was most notable for the successful continuation of Portugal's overseas enterprises. John had…

Maori

(Encyclopedia) MaoriMaorimäˈōrē [key], people of New Zealand and the Cook Islands, believed to have migrated in early times from other islands of Polynesia. Maori tradition asserts that seven canoes…

Laredo

(Encyclopedia) LaredoLaredolərāˈdō [key], city (1990 pop. 122,899), seat of Webb co., S Tex., on the Rio Grande; founded 1755, inc. 1852. It is a port of entry on the U.S.-Mexican border, with a…

Leterme, Yves

(Encyclopedia) Leterme, YvesLeterme, Yvesēv lĕtûrˈmĕ [key], 1960–, Belgian political leader, prime minister of Belgium (2008, 2009–11), grad. Catholic Univ. of Leuvan (LL.B., 1981), Ghent Univ. (M.A…

Karamanlis, Constantine

(Encyclopedia) Karamanlis, or Caramanlis, ConstantineKaramanlis, or Caramanlis, Constantinekônˈstäntēn kärämänlēsˈ [key], 1907–98, president of Greece (1980–85, 1990–95), b. Turkish Macedonia. A…

chaparral

(Encyclopedia) chaparralchaparralchăpərălˈ [key], type of plant community in which shrubs are dominant. It occurs usually in regions having from 10 to 20 in. (25–50 cm) of rainfall annually and with…

Ciskei

(Encyclopedia) CiskeiCiskeisĭskīˈ [key], former black “homeland” and nominal republic, SE South Africa, in what is now Eastern Cape prov. Surrounded by the former Cape Province of South Africa, it…

hooks, bell

(Encyclopedia) hooks, bell, 1952–2021, American author, poet, social critic, and Black feminist, b. Hopkinsville, Ky., as Gloria Jean Watkins, Stanford…

head-hunting

(Encyclopedia) head-hunting, practice of taking and preserving the head of a slain enemy. It has occurred throughout the world from ancient times into the 20th cent. In Europe, it flourished in the…

hermit

(Encyclopedia) hermit [Gr.,=desert], one who lives in solitude, especially from ascetic motives. Hermits are known in many cultures. Permanent solitude was common in ancient Christian asceticism; St…