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Allouez, Claude Jean

(Encyclopedia) Allouez, Claude JeanAllouez, Claude Jeanklōd zhäN älwāˈ [key], 1622–89, French Jesuit missionary in Canada and the American Midwest. After arriving (1658) in Canada he served at posts…

Richardson, Henry Handel

(Encyclopedia) Richardson, Henry Handel, pseud. of Ethel Richardson Robertson, 1870–1946, Australian novelist, b. Melbourne. Her years of study at the Presbyterian Ladies' College, Melbourne, were…

shipwreck

(Encyclopedia) shipwreck, complete or partial destruction of a vessel as a result of collision, fire, grounding, storm, explosion, or other mishap. In the ancient world sea travel was hazardous, but…

Picard, Jean

(Encyclopedia) Picard, Jean, 1620–82, French astronomer, noted for having made the first accurate measurement of a degree of the earth's meridian. The figures he established were of great value to…

Farmer, Fannie Merritt

(Encyclopedia) Farmer, Fannie Merritt, 1857–1915, American cookbook author and teacher and writer on cookery, b. Boston. A paralytic stroke prevented her from attending college, and she turned to…

Vardon, Harry

(Encyclopedia) Vardon, Harry, 1870–1939, British golfer, b. Jersey. A former caddie, he became at 20 a professional golfer. He won six British Open championships (1896, 1898, 1899, 1903, 1911, and…

Hall, John Lewis

(Encyclopedia) Hall, John Lewis, 1934–, American physicist, b. Denver, Colo., Ph.D. Carnegie Institute of Technology, 1961. He has been a researcher at the National Bureau of Standards in Boulder,…

Ryle, Sir Martin

(Encyclopedia) Ryle, Sir Martin, 1918–84, British radio astronomer, B.S. Oxford, 1939. Ryle was a researcher and professor at Cambridge from 1945 until his retirement in 1982. Knighted in 1966, he…

Smith, William

(Encyclopedia) Smith, William, 1769–1839, English geologist. Through direct observation as a canal-site surveyor, Smith made a systematic study of the geological strata of England and identified the…

Charlton, Bobby

(Encyclopedia) Charlton, Bobby (Sir Robert Charlton), 1937–, one of the most celebrated of all English soccer players. Famous for his graceful athleticism, powerfully accurate kick, and sportsmanlike…