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Mary Washington College

(Encyclopedia) Mary Washington College, mainly at Fredericksburg, Va.; state supported; chartered 1908 as the State Normal and Industrial School for Women; first given its present name in 1938;…

Martinson, Helga Maria (Moa)

(Encyclopedia) Martinson, Helga Maria (Moa)Martinson, Helga Maria (Moa)m&oomacr;ˈə märtĭns&oomacr;nˈ [key], 1890–1964, Swedish novelist and poet. The mother of five children before she was 25…

weight lifting

(Encyclopedia) weight lifting, international sport, also a training technique for athletes in other sports. From the earliest times men have lifted weights as a test of strength. Long popular as a…

Willard, Frances Elizabeth

(Encyclopedia) Willard, Frances Elizabeth, 1839–98, American temperance leader and reformer, b. Churchville, N.Y., grad. Northwestern Female College, 1859. She was president of Evanston College for…

corset

(Encyclopedia) corset, article of dress designed to support or modify the figure. Greek and Roman women sometimes wrapped broad bands about the body. In the Middle Ages a short, close-fitting, laced…

Smith College

(Encyclopedia) Smith College, at Northampton, Mass.; undergraduate for women, graduate coeducational; chartered 1871, opened 1875 through a bequest of Sophia Smith. The first president, Laurenus…

Knights of Labor

(Encyclopedia) Knights of Labor, American labor organization, started by Philadelphia tailors in 1869, led by Uriah S. Stephens. It became a body of national scope and importance in 1878 and grew…

marathon race

(Encyclopedia) marathon race, long-distance foot race deriving its name from Marathon, Greece. According to legend, in 490 b.c., Pheidippides, a runner from Marathon, carried news of victory over the…

Chodorow, Nancy

(Encyclopedia) Chodorow, NancyChodorow, Nancychōdˈərōˌ [key], 1944–, American psychologist. A professor at the Univ. of California at Berkeley, Chodorow has extensively pursued the question of why…

Simmons, Ruth

(Encyclopedia) Simmons, Ruth, 1945–, American educator and college president, b. Grapeland, Tex., grad. Dillard Univ. (B.A., 1967) and Harvard (A.M., 1970; Ph.D., 1973). As a scholar she was…