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Industrial Workers of the World

(Encyclopedia) Industrial Workers of the World (IWW), revolutionary industrial union organized in Chicago in 1905 by delegates from the Western Federation of Mines, which formed the nucleus of the…

Holy Cross, College of the

(Encyclopedia) Holy Cross, College of the, at Worcester, Mass.; Jesuit; founded and opened 1843, chartered 1865 as a school for men, coeducational since 1972. Noteworthy among its facilities are the…

Jeremiah, book of the Bible

(Encyclopedia) Jeremiah a book of the Bible, comprising a collection of prophetic oracles attributed to Jeremiah, a prophet who preached (c.628–586 b.c.) in Jerusalem under King Josiah and his…

Livonian Brothers of the Sword

(Encyclopedia) Livonian Brothers of the Sword or Livonian KnightsLivonian Knightslĭvōˈnēən [key], German military and religious order, founded in 1202 by Bishop Albert of Livonia for the purpose of…

New Jerusalem, Church of the

(Encyclopedia) New Jerusalem, Church of the, or New Church, religious body instituted by the followers of Emanuel Swedenborg, who are generally called Swedenborgians. Knowledge of Swedenborg's…

Austrian Succession, War of the

(Encyclopedia) Austrian Succession, War of the, 1740–48, general European war. In 1744 Frederick II, fearing the rising power of Austria, started the Second Silesian War by invading Bohemia; he…

Nehemiah, book of the Bible

(Encyclopedia) Nehemiah, originally combined with Ezra to form a single book in the Hebrew canon. In the Septuagint, Ezra and Nehemiah are combined as Second Esdras. The book narrates the return to…

Obadiah, book of the Bible

(Encyclopedia) Obadiah, short prophetic book of the Bible. The prophet is otherwise unknown. The oracle which comprises this book dates from after the destruction of Jerusalem by the Babylonians in…

M, letter of the alphabet

(Encyclopedia) M, 13th letter of the alphabet, usually representing a bilabial nasal as in the English much. It corresponds with the Greek mu. M is the Roman numeral for 1,000.