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Almoravids

(Encyclopedia) AlmoravidsAlmoravidsălmôrˈəvĭdz [key], Berber Muslim dynasty that ruled Morocco and Muslim Spain in the 11th and 12th cent. The Almoravids may have originated in what is now Mauritania…

Arnauld

(Encyclopedia) ArnauldArnauldärnōˈ [key], French family involved in Jansenism (see under Jansen, Cornelis). The name is also spelled Arnaut or Arnault. The leader was a nun, Marie Angélique de Sainte…

Carmelites

(Encyclopedia) CarmelitesCarmeliteskärˈməlīts [key], Roman Catholic order of mendicant friars. Originally a group of hermits, apparently European, living on Mt. Carmel in Palestine, their supervision…

catechism

(Encyclopedia) catechismcatechismkătˈəkĭzəm [key] [Gr.,=oral instruction], originally oral instruction in religion, later written instruction. Catechisms are usually written in the form of questions…

Witte, Count Sergei Yulyevich

(Encyclopedia) Witte, Count Sergei YulyevichWitte, Count Sergei Yulyevichsyĭrgāˈ y&oomacr;ˈlyĭvĭch vĭtˈə [key], 1849–1915, Russian premier. A railway administrator, he became minister of…

Peter I, king of Serbia

(Encyclopedia) Peter I, 1844–1921, king of Serbia (1903–18) and king of the Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes (1918–21), son of Prince Alexander of Serbia (Alexander Karadjordjević). He was brought up in…

Basil I

(Encyclopedia) Basil I (Basil the Macedonian)Basil Ibăzˈəl, bāˈzəl [key], c.813–886, Byzantine emperor (867–86). His ancestors probably were Armenians or Slavs who settled in Macedonia. He became (c.…

Rutgers University

(Encyclopedia) Rutgers University, main campus at New Brunswick, N.J.; land-grant and state supported; coeducational except for Douglass College; chartered 1766 as Queen's College, opened 1771.…

Presbyterianism

(Encyclopedia) Presbyterianism, form of Christian church organization based on administration by a hierarchy of courts composed of clerical and lay presbyters. Holding a position between episcopacy (…

Jersey City

(Encyclopedia) Jersey City, city (1990 pop. 228,537), seat of Hudson co., NE N.J., a port on a peninsula formed by the Hudson and Hackensack rivers and Upper New York Bay, opposite lower Manhattan;…