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thunder

(Encyclopedia) thunder, sound produced along a path of a lightning flash, caused by the rapid heating and expansion of the adjacent air; lightning can heat air to temperatures as much as five times…

perturbation

(Encyclopedia) perturbationperturbationpŭrˌtərbāˈshən [key], in astronomy and physics, small force or other influence that modifies the otherwise simple motion of some object. The term is also used…

Pérez de Ayala, Ramón

(Encyclopedia) Pérez de Ayala, RamónPérez de Ayala, Ramónrämōnˈ pāˈrāth dā äyäˈlä [key], 1880?–1962, Spanish writer. He was educated at Jesuit schools, which he satirized in the novel A.M.D.G. (1910…

parabola

(Encyclopedia) CE5 Parabola parabolaparabolapərăbˈələ [key], plane curve consisting of all points equidistant from a given fixed point (focus) and a given fixed line (directrix) (see illustration…

Crookes tube

(Encyclopedia) Crookes tube, device invented by Sir William Crookes (c.1875) consisting essentially of a sealed glass tube from which nearly all the air has been removed and through the walls of…

Demirel, Süleyman

(Encyclopedia) Demirel, SüleymanDemirel, Süleymansülāmänˈ dĕmĭrĕlˈ [key], 1924–2015, Turkish political leader, prime minister and president of Turkey. A successful engineer, he became leader of the…

Fitch, Val Logsdon

(Encyclopedia) Fitch, Val Logsdon, 1923–2015, American nuclear physicist, b. Merriman, Neb., Ph.D. Columbia, 1954. During World War II Fitch was drafted into the army and worked on the detonator for…

Haroche, Serge

(Encyclopedia) Haroche, Serge, 1944–, French physicist, Ph.D. Paris VI Univ., 1971. He was a professor at Pierre and Marie Curie Univ. from 1975 to 2001 and at Paris VI Univ. from 1982 to 2001, when…

Belloc, Hilaire

(Encyclopedia) Belloc, Hilaire (Joseph Hilaire Pierre Belloc)Belloc, Hilairebĕlˈŏk [key], 1870–1953, English author, b. France. He became a British subject in 1902, and from 1906 to 1910 was a…

Ulitskaya, Lyudmila Evgenyevna

(Encyclopedia) Ulitskaya, Lyudmila Evgenyevna, 1943–, Russian writer and Soviet-era dissident, grad. Moscow State Univ. She worked as a geneticist at the USSR Academy of Sciences (1968–70), was fired…