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Germans

(Encyclopedia) Germans, great ethnic complex of ancient Europe, a basic stock in the composition of the modern peoples of Sweden, Norway, Denmark, Iceland, Germany, Austria, Switzerland, N Italy, the…

Bismarck, Otto von

(Encyclopedia) Bismarck, Otto vonBismarck, Otto vonbĭzˈmärk, Ger. ôˈtō fən bĭsˈmärk [key], 1815–98, German statesman, known as the Iron Chancellor. The Bismarckian era closed with the death of…

Rybnik

(Encyclopedia) RybnikRybnikrĭbˈnēk [key], town (1993 est. pop. 145,400), Śląskie prov., S Poland. It is a railway junction and industrial center with industries manufacturing mining machinery, metal…

Pirmasens

(Encyclopedia) PirmasensPirmasenspĭrmäzĕnsˈ [key], city (1994 pop. 48,619), Rhineland-Palatinate, SW Germany, near the French border. It is a leading German shoe and boot manufacturing center. Other…

Stuttgart Ballet

(Encyclopedia) Stuttgart Ballet, the first major German ballet company. The company, housed in the Württemberg Staatstheater, rose rapidly to fame in the 1960s under the direction of John Cranko (…

Ravensberg

(Encyclopedia) RavensbergRavensbergräˈvənsbĕrkh [key], former county, W Germany, now in North Rhine–Westphalia. Bielefeld was a major town in the county. In 1346, Ravensberg came under the control of…

Sans Souci

(Encyclopedia) Sans SouciSans SoucisäN s&oomacr;sēˈ [key] [Fr.,=without care], palace built (1745–47) at Potsdam, Germany, by Frederick II, who lived there for 40 years. Over 300 ft (91 m) long,…

Barbie, Klaus

(Encyclopedia) Barbie, Klaus, 1913–91, Nazi war criminal known as the “Butcher of Lyons.” As Gestapo chief in Lyons, France (1942–44), he was responsible for the deaths of French Resistance members…

Peter Canisius, Saint

(Encyclopedia) Peter Canisius, SaintPeter Canisius, Saintkənĭshˈēəs [key], 1521–97, Dutch Jesuit, Doctor of the Church, b. Nijmegen. He spent his life traveling widely strengthening wavering Roman…

Kraszewski, Józef Ignacy

(Encyclopedia) Kraszewski, Józef IgnacyKraszewski, Józef Ignacyy&oomacr;ˈzĕf ēgnäˈtsē kräshĕfˈskē [key], 1812–87, Polish writer. He was imprisoned for political activities in Lithuania and in…