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John VIII, Byzantine emperor

(Encyclopedia) John VIII (John Palaeologus), 1390–1448, Byzantine emperor (1425–48), son and successor of Manuel II. When he acceded, the Byzantine Empire had been reduced by the Turks to the city of…

Niccolò di Piero Lamberti

(Encyclopedia) Niccolò di Piero LambertiNiccolò di Piero Lambertinēk-kōlôˈ dē pyāˈrō lämbĕrˈtē [key], c.1370–1451, Italian sculptor and architect of the early Renaissance, sometimes called Niccolò d'…

Volterra

(Encyclopedia) Volterra, town (1991 pop. 12,879), Tuscany, central Italy. A powerful Etruscan town, it later (12th–13th cent.) was a free commune and passed to Florence in the 14th cent. Of note are…

grisaille

(Encyclopedia) grisaillegrisaillegrĭzīˈ, –zālˈ, Fr. grēzäˈyə [key], a monochrome painting and drawing technique executed in tones of gray. Such works were often produced in the Renaissance to…

Boldini, Giovanni

(Encyclopedia) Boldini, GiovanniBoldini, Giovannijōvänˈnē bōldēˈnē [key], 1842–1931, Italian portrait painter. Having worked in Florence and London, he reached his peak of creativity and success in…

Varchi, Benedetto

(Encyclopedia) Varchi, BenedettoVarchi, Benedettobānādĕtˈtō värˈkē [key], 1502?–1565, Italian poet and historian. A protégé of Filippo Strozzi and Cosimo de' Medici, he was commissioned to write the…

Benedetto da Majano

(Encyclopedia) Benedetto da MajanoBenedetto da Majanobānādĕtˈtō dä mäyäˈnō [key], 1442–97. Italian sculptor and architect of the Florentine school. His pulpits, altarpieces, and other church…

Strange, Sir Robert

(Encyclopedia) Strange, Sir Robert, 1721–92, English engraver. The outstanding historical engraver of his day, he became a member of the academies of Rome, Florence, Bologna, and France and was the…

Bartolozzi, Francesco

(Encyclopedia) Bartolozzi, FrancescoBartolozzi, Francescofränchĕsˈkō bärtōlôtˈsē [key], 1727–1815, Italian engraver. In Florence he studied drawing and painting and formed a lifelong friendship with…