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fugitive slave laws

(Encyclopedia) fugitive slave laws, in U.S. history, the federal acts of 1793 and 1850 providing for the return between states of escaped black slaves. Similar laws existing in both North and South…

Treasury, United States Department of the

(Encyclopedia) Treasury, United States Department of the, federal executive department established in 1789. It is charged with advising the president on fiscal policy and acting as fiscal agent for…

margin requirement

(Encyclopedia) margin requirement, that part of a security's price that a buyer must pay for in cash. The balance of the price is met by the broker, who, in effect, is supplying a client with a loan…

Spühler, Willy

(Encyclopedia) Spühler, WillySpühler, Willyvĭlˈē shpüˈlər [key], 1902–90, Swiss political leader and economist. A Social Democrat, He held several government economic posts and served (1938–59) in…

Bernanke, Ben Shalom

(Encyclopedia) Bernanke, Ben ShalomBernanke, Ben Shalombĕrnăngkˈē [key], 1953–, U.S. economist and government official, b. Augusta, Ga.; grad. Harvard (B.A., 1975), Massachusetts Institute of…

Moos, Ludwig von

(Encyclopedia) Moos, Ludwig vonMoos, Ludwig vonl&oobreve;tˈvĭkh fən m&oomacr;s [key], 1910–90, Swiss political leader. Entering politics in his native town of Sachseln, he served (1941–46) as…

North German Confederation

(Encyclopedia) North German Confederation, 1867–71, alliance of 22 German states N of the Main River. Dominated by Prussia, it replaced the German Confederation and included the states that had…

telemarketing

(Encyclopedia) telemarketing, the practice of selling goods or services to customers by means of the telephone or of surveying consumer preferences in telephone conversations. Telemarketing firms use…