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isomer

(Encyclopedia) isomerisomerīˈsəmər [key], in chemistry, one of two or more compounds having the same molecular formula but different structures (arrangements of atoms in the molecule). Isomerism is…

Mascagni, Pietro

(Encyclopedia) Mascagni, PietroMascagni, Pietropyāˈtrō mäskäˈnyē [key], 1863–1945, Italian operatic composer. He is known for his opera Cavalleria rusticana (1890), based on the tale by Giovanni…

Nasmyth, Alexander

(Encyclopedia) Nasmyth, AlexanderNasmyth, Alexandernāˈsmĭth [key], 1758–1840, Scottish landscape and portrait painter. His Stirling Castle (National Gall., London) is a good example of his simple,…

absolute music

(Encyclopedia) absolute music, term used for music dependent on its structure alone for comprehension. It is the antithesis of program music. It is not associated with extramusical ideas or with a…

chemurgy

(Encyclopedia) chemurgychemurgykĕmˈərjē [key], branch of applied chemistry concerned with preparing industrial products from agricultural raw materials. Among such products are plastics manufactured…

antithesis

(Encyclopedia) antithesisantithesisăntĭthˈĭsĭs [key], a figure of speech involving a seeming contradiction of ideas, words, clauses, or sentences within a balanced grammatical structure. Parallelism…

ratio

(Encyclopedia) ratio. The ratio of two quantities expressed in terms of the same unit is the fraction that has the first quantity as numerator and the second as denominator. For example, if in a…

dimension, in mathematics

(Encyclopedia) dimension, in mathematics, number of parameters or coordinates required locally to describe points in a mathematical object (usually geometric in character). For example, the space we…

binomial

(Encyclopedia) binomialbinomialbīˌnōˈmēəl [key], polynomial expression (see polynomial) containing two terms, for example, x+y. The binomial theorem, or binomial formula, gives the expansion of the…

Maratti, Carlo

(Encyclopedia) Maratti or Maratta, CarloMaratti or Maratta, Carlokärˈlō märätˈtē, –tä [key], 1625–1713, Italian high baroque painter and engraver of the Roman school. He restored Raphael's frescoes…