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Guide to New Nations: Eastern Europe

by David Johnson Belarus When it was part of the Soviet Union, Belarus was the Belarussian Soviet Socialist Republic. After it declared its independence in August 1991, it was…

Manning, Olivia

(Encyclopedia) Manning, Olivia, 1911–80, English novelist, b. Portsmouth, Hampshire. During World War II she served as a journalist in the Middle East. She is best known for her “Balkan trilogy”: The…

Perlman, Selig

(Encyclopedia) Perlman, Selig, 1888–1959, American economist, b. Bialystok, Poland. His parents were active in the Zionist and labor movements of Eastern Europe. Perlman emigrated to the United…

Ermanaric

(Encyclopedia) ErmanaricErmanaricûrmănˈərĭk [key], d. c.375, king of the Ostrogoths. He extended his power over other barbarian tribes and thus built up in eastern Europe an empire stretching from…

Barthou, Louis

(Encyclopedia) Barthou, LouisBarthou, Louislwē bärt&oomacr;ˈ [key], 1862–1934, French cabinet minister and man of letters. He held portfolios in numerous cabinets after 1894 and was briefly…

Parvanov, Georgi Sedefchov

(Encyclopedia) Parvanov, Georgi Sedefchov, 1957–, Bulgarian political leader, president of Bulgaria (2002–12), b. Sirishnik. A historian by profession, he joined the Bulgarian Communist party (BCP)…

Horn, Gyula

(Encyclopedia) Horn, Gyula, 1932–2013, Hungarian political leader, b. Budapest, grad. Don Rostov College, Russia. In 1956 he joined Hungary's Communist party and helped crush the anti-Soviet uprising…

Oder

(Encyclopedia) OderOderōˈdər [key], Czech and Pol. Odra, river, 562 mi (904 km) long; the second longest river of Poland. It rises in the E Sudetes, NE Czech Republic, and flows generally NW through…

nightingale

(Encyclopedia) nightingale, common name for a migratory Old World bird of the family Turdidae (thrush family), celebrated for its vocal powers. The common nightingale of England and Western Europe,…