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Fletcher, John

(Encyclopedia) Fletcher, John, 1579–1625, English dramatist, b. Rye, Sussex, educated at Cambridge. A member of a prominent literary family, he began writing for the stage about 1606, first with…

Berlin, Irving

(Encyclopedia) Berlin, IrvingBerlin, Irvingbərlĭnˈ [key], 1888–1989, American songwriter, b. Russia as Israel Baline; his Jewish family fled a pogrom in 1893 and settled in New York's Lower East Side…

Steinbeck, John

(Encyclopedia) Steinbeck, John, 1902–68, American writer, b. Salinas, Calif., studied at Stanford. He is probably best remembered for his strong sociological novel The Grapes of Wrath, considered one…

Lumumba, Patrice Emergy

(Encyclopedia) Lumumba, Patrice Emergy Lumumba, Patrice Emergy pətrēsˈ ĕmârzhēˈ l&oomacr;m&oomacr;mˈbä…

Alcott, Louisa May

(Encyclopedia) Alcott, Louisa May, 1832–88, American author, b. Germantown, Pa.; daughter of Bronson Alcott. Mostly educated by her father, she was a friend of Emerson and Thoreau, and her first book…

closed shop and open shop

(Encyclopedia) closed shop and open shop. The term “closed shop” is used to signify an establishment employing only members of a labor union. The union shop, a closely allied term, indicates a…

Donne, John

(Encyclopedia) Donne, JohnDonne, Johndŭn, dŏn [key], 1572–1631, English poet and divine. He is considered the greatest of the metaphysical poets. All of Donne's verse—his love sonnets and his…

Warren, Earl

(Encyclopedia) Warren, Earl, 1891–1974, American public official and 14th chief justice of the United States (1953–69), b. Los Angeles. He graduated from the Univ. of California Law School in 1912.…

Angel Island

(Encyclopedia) Angel Island, largest island in San Francisco Bay, W Calif. Explored by the Spanish in 1775, it came under U.S. control in 1851. The U.S. army used the island as a base from 1863 to…

Ludwigsburg

(Encyclopedia) LudwigsburgLudwigsburgl&oomacr;tˈvĭkhsb&oobreve;rkhˌ [key], city (1994 pop. 86,220), Baden-Württemberg, SW Germany, near the Neckar River. It is a transportation and industrial…