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Moray, council area and former county, Scotland

(Encyclopedia) MorayMoraymûrˈē [key], council area (1993 est. pop. 86,250), 864 sq mi (2,237 sq km), and former county, NE Scotland. Under the Local Government Act of 1973, the county of Moray (or…

Vienne, Council of

(Encyclopedia) Vienne, Council of, 1311–12, 15th ecumenical council of the Roman Catholic Church, held at Vienne, France. It was convened by Pope Clement V at the behest of Philip IV of France as a…

Cossa, Baldassare

(Encyclopedia) Cossa, BaldassareCossa, Baldassarebäldäs-säˈrā kôsˈsä [key], c.1370–1419, Neapolitan churchman, antipope (1410–15; see Schism, Great) with the name John XXIII. He had a military career…

Martin V, 1368–1431, pope

(Encyclopedia) Martin V, 1368–1431, pope (1417–31), a Roman named Oddone Colonna; successor of Gregory XII. He was created cardinal by Innocent VII, and in the schism (see Schism, Great) he attended…

Constantinople, Fourth Council of

(Encyclopedia) Constantinople, Fourth Council of, 869–70, regarded as the eighth ecumenical council by the modern Roman Catholic Church. It has never been accepted by the Orthodox Church, which…

Ten, Council of

(Encyclopedia) Ten, Council of, in the republic of Venice, a special tribunal created (1310) to avert plots and crimes against the state. It was a direct result of the unsuccessful Tiepolo conspiracy…

Ailly, Pierre d'

(Encyclopedia) Ailly, Pierre d'Ailly, Pierre d'pyĕr dāyēˈ [key], 1350–1420, French theologian and writer, cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He was the teacher of John Gerson and was Gerson's…

Nestorianism

(Encyclopedia) Nestorianism, Christian heresy that held Jesus to be two distinct persons, closely and inseparably united. In 428, Emperor Theodosius II named an abbot of Antioch, Nestorius (d. 451…