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Day Lewis, C.

(Encyclopedia) Day Lewis, C. (Cecil Day Lewis), 1904–72, English author, b. Ireland. While he was still at Oxford, he became associated with a group of leftist poets led by W. H. Auden. After…

Maxwell, William Keepers, Jr.

(Encyclopedia) Maxwell, William Keepers, Jr., 1908–2000, American novelist, short-story writer, and editor, b. Lincoln, Ill. Educated at the Univ. of Illinois and Harvard, he began his career as a…

Bellamy, Edward

(Encyclopedia) Bellamy, EdwardBellamy, Edwardbĕlˈəmē [key], 1850–98, American author, b. Chicopee Falls (now part of Chicopee), Mass. After being admitted to the bar he tried his hand at journalism…

Brook Farm

(Encyclopedia) Brook Farm, 1841–47, an experimental farm at West Roxbury, Mass., based on cooperative living. Founded by George Ripley, a Unitarian minister, the farm was initially financed by a…

Chandler, Raymond Thornton

(Encyclopedia) Chandler, Raymond Thornton, 1888–1959, American author, b. Chicago, educated in England. After World War I, he entered the oil business in California. Bankrupt during the Depression,…

Breton literature

(Encyclopedia) Breton literatureBreton literaturebrĕtˈən [key], in the Celtic language of Brittany. Although there are numerous allusions in other literatures of the 12th to 14th cent. to the “matter…

Dick, Philip K.

(Encyclopedia) Dick, Philip K. (Philip Kindred Dick), 1928–82, American science-fiction writer, b. Chicago. Dick often wrote of the psychological states of individuals caught in altered realities…

Leyner, Mark

(Encyclopedia) Leyner, Mark, 1956–, American writer, b. Jersey City, N.J. His hyperliterate postmodernist short stories, collected in I Smell Esther Williams (1983), My Cousin, My Gastroenterologist…

Babel, Isaac Emmanuelovich

(Encyclopedia) Babel, Isaac EmmanuelovichBabel, Isaac Emmanuelovichēˈsäk əmän&oomacr;āˈləvĭch bäˈbəl [key], 1894–1940, Russian writer, b. Odessa. Babel was quick to embrace the Bolshevik…

Woodberry, George Edward

(Encyclopedia) Woodberry, George Edward, 1855–1930, American poet, critic, and teacher, b. Beverly, Mass., grad. Harvard, 1877. He was professor of English at the Univ. of Nebraska (1880–82) and at…