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Bulfinch, Charles

(Encyclopedia) Bulfinch, Charles, 1763–1844, American architect, b. Boston. A member of the Boston board of selectmen in 1791, he was chosen chairman in 1799—an office equivalent to mayor and held by…

Byrd, Harry Flood

(Encyclopedia) Byrd, Harry FloodByrd, Harry Floodbûrd [key], 1887–1966, U.S. senator from Virginia (1933–65), b. Martinsburg, W.Va.; brother of Richard E. Byrd. Educated at Shenandoah Academy in…

Boutros-Ghali, Boutros

(Encyclopedia) Boutros-Ghali, BoutrosBoutros-Ghali, Boutrosb&oomacr;ˈtrōs, gäˈlē [key], 1922–2016, Egyptian statesman, secretary-general of the United Nations (1992–96). Born into a politically…

Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation

(Encyclopedia) Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, philanthropic institution founded in 1994 by Microsoft chairman Bill Gates and his wife, Melinda, to improve the lives of the poor throughout the…

Bentsen, Lloyd Millard, Jr.

(Encyclopedia) Bentsen, Lloyd Millard, Jr., 1921–2006, American political leader and U.S. secretary of the treasury (1993–94), b. Mission, Tex. He received a law degree from the Univ. of Texas in…

Wilson, William Lyne

(Encyclopedia) Wilson, William Lyne, 1843–1900, American legislator, cabinet member, and university president, b. Jefferson co., Va. (now in W.Va.). He was a private in the Confederate army in the…

Tusk, Donald

(Encyclopedia) Tusk, DonaldTusk, Donaldt&oomacr;sk [key], 1957–, Polish political leader, prime minister of Poland (2007–14), b. Gdańsk. After studying history at Gdańsk Univ., he became active…

Wajda, Andrzej

(Encyclopedia) Wajda, AndrzejWajda, Andrzejänˈjā vīˈdä [key], 1926–2016, Polish film director, leading member of the Polish Film School, which began in the 1950s. His films are typically studies of…

Ramaphosa, Cyril

(Encyclopedia) Ramaphosa, Cyril (Matamela Cyril Ramaphosa), 1952–, South African political leader, b. Johannesburg. A lawyer, he became involved in the antiapartheid Black Consciousness Movement…

Ryan, Paul Davis

(Encyclopedia) Ryan, Paul Davis, 1972–, U.S. politician, b. Janesville, Wis., grad. Miami Univ. (B.S. 1992), Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives (2015–19). A politically active, conservative…