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coal gas
(Encyclopedia) coal gas, gas obtained in the destructive distillation of soft coal, as a byproduct in the preparation of coke. Its composition varies, but in general it is made up largely of hydrogen…heterotroph
(Encyclopedia) heterotrophheterotrophhĕtˈərətrōfˌ [key], living organism that obtains its energy from carbohydrates and other organic material. All animals and most bacteria and fungi are…Pettenkofer, Max von
(Encyclopedia) Pettenkofer, Max vonPettenkofer, Max vonmäks fən pĕtˈənkōˌfər [key], 1818–1901, German chemist and hygienist. He studied medicine at Munich. Pettenkofer is considered a founder of…law of simple multiple proportions
(Encyclopedia) law of simple multiple proportions, in chemistry, the statement that when two or more elements form more than one compound, the ratio of the weights of one element that combine with a…Helmont, Jan Baptista van
(Encyclopedia) Helmont, Jan Baptista vanHelmont, Jan Baptista vanyän bäptĭsˈtä vän hĕlˈmônt [key], 1577–1644, Flemish physician, chemist, and physicist. He attributed physiological changes to…Solvay process
(Encyclopedia) Solvay process [for Ernest Solvay], commercial process for the manufacture of sodium carbonate (washing soda). Ammonia and carbon dioxide are passed into a saturated sodium chloride…Lynen, Feodor
(Encyclopedia) Lynen, FeodorLynen, Feodorfāōˈdôr lēˈnən [key], 1911–79, German biochemist, grad. Univ. of Munich (Ph.D. 1937). He began teaching at the Max Planck Institute for Cell Chemistry in…leaven
(Encyclopedia) leavenleavenlĕvˈən [key], agent used to raise bread or other flour foods. Physical leavens include water vapor, which is released as steam at high temperatures (as in popovers), and…carbonic acid
(Encyclopedia) carbonic acid, H2CO3, a weak dibasic acid (see acids and bases) formed when carbon dioxide dissolves in water; it exists only in solution. Carbonic acid forms carbonate and bicarbonate…potassium carbonate
(Encyclopedia) potassium carbonate, chemical compound, K2CO3, white, crystalline, deliquescent substance that forms a strongly alkaline water solution. It is available commercially as a white,…Trending
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