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Longstreet, James

(Encyclopedia) Longstreet, James, 1821–1904, Confederate general in the American Civil War, b. Edgefield District, S.C. He graduated (1842) from West Point and served in the Mexican War, reaching the…

Hancock, Winfield Scott

(Encyclopedia) Hancock, Winfield Scott, 1824–86, Union general in the American Civil War, b. Montgomery Square, near Norristown, Pa. He served with distinction in the Mexican War and was chief…

Ewell, Richard Stoddert

(Encyclopedia) Ewell, Richard Stoddert, 1817–72, Confederate general, b. Georgetown, D.C., grad. West Point, 1840. Ewell rose rapidly in the Confederate army, becoming a major general by Oct., 1861.…

Rehnskiöld, Karl Gustaf

(Encyclopedia) Rehnskiöld, Karl GustafRehnskiöld, Karl Gustafkärl gŭsˈtäv rānˈshöld [key], 1651–1722, Swedish field marshal. One of the ablest lieutenants of Charles XII in the Northern War, he…

Arana Osorio, Carlos

(Encyclopedia) Arana Osorio, CarlosArana Osorio, Carloskärˈlōs äräˈnä ōsōˈryō [key], 1918–2003, president of Guatemala (1970–74). A conservative army colonel noted for his successes during an…

Lincoln, Benjamin

(Encyclopedia) Lincoln, Benjamin, 1733–1810, American Revolutionary soldier, b. Hingham, Mass. He served under Horatio Gates in the Saratoga campaign before becoming (1778) commander in the South. In…

political action committee

(Encyclopedia) political action committee (PAC), U.S. organization formed by a corporation, labor union, or association to raise money for political activity. Funds can be gathered by voluntary…

Shenandoah valley

(Encyclopedia) Shenandoah valley, part of the Great Valley of the Appalachians, c.150 mi (240 km) long, N Va., located between the Blue Ridge and the Allegheny mts. The valley is divided into two…

Ailes, Roger Eugene

(Encyclopedia) Ailes, Roger EugeneAiles, Roger Eugeneālz [key], 1940–2017, American television executive and political adviser, b. Warren, Ohio, grad. Ohio Univ. (B.A., 1962). He worked in local…

Yorktown

(Encyclopedia) Yorktown, historic town (1990 pop. 270), seat of York co., SE Va., on the York River 10 mi (16 km) from its mouth on Chesapeake Bay; settled 1631, laid out 1691. It is included in the…